分詞

4. 表示伴隨狀況：

-ed分詞結構作狀語表示伴隨狀況時，沒有適當?shù)姆志淇商鎿Q。

11) ______________ was not incorporated as a city until almost two centuries later, in 1834.

[A] Settling Brooklyn, the Dutch

[B] The Dutch settled Brooklyn

[C] Brooklyn was settled by the Dutch

[D] Settled by the Dutch, Brooklyn

解析：D為正確答案。從上下文看，空檔處的主語應是表示要點的名詞(“as a city”)，那么A不對;B和C都是一分句，而空檔后是謂語部分，它們不作為正確選項。

12) Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, __________ completely to the outside world.

[A] being lost

[B] having lost

[C] losing

[D] lost

解析：D為正確答案。