動(dòng)名詞

動(dòng)名詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式，由動(dòng)詞原形加-ing構(gòu)成，它在句中起名詞的作用，可以在句子中用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。

1、 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的運(yùn)動(dòng)

Seeing is believing. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。

Smoking may cause cancer. 吸煙可能導(dǎo)致癌癥。

Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火車(chē)到杭州要16個(gè)小時(shí)。

Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以發(fā)展肌肉。

通常為了避免句子主語(yǔ)過(guò)于冗長(zhǎng)，用it作形式主語(yǔ)。如：

It's nice talking with you.

和你談話(huà)很高興。

It's no use arguing with him.

跟他爭(zhēng)論沒(méi)用。

It is no use sending him over. It’s too late already. 派他去沒(méi)用，已經(jīng)太晚了。

It was very difficult getting everything ready in time. 要把一切按時(shí)準(zhǔn)備好很困難。

“There + be + no + -ing”結(jié)構(gòu)，如：

There is no joking about such matters. 這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。

There is no harm in doing so. 這樣做沒(méi)有害處。

There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.

不容否認(rèn)新方法大大提高了勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率。