2007年5月翻譯資格考試二級筆譯真題

第一部分

英譯漢必譯題

Strolling beside Amsterdam?s oldest canals, where buildings carry dates like 1541 and 1603, it is easy to imagine the city?s prosperity in the 17th century. Replace today?s bicycles and cars with horse-drawn carts, add more barges on the waterways, and this is essentially how Amsterdam must have looked to Rembrandt as he did his rounds of wealthy merchants.

Such musings are not, of course, unprompted. This year, Amsterdam is celebrating the 400th anniversary of Rembrandt?s birth, and it is hard to escape his shadow. His birthplace in Leiden, 20 miles south, has naturally organized its own festivities. But Amsterdam has two advantages: it boasts the world?s largest Rembrandt collection — and tourists like to come here anyway.

True, anniversaries can be pretty corny, but what city resists them? This year, Amsterdam is competing with Salzburg, where Mozart was born 250 years ago, and Aix-en-Provence, where Cézanne died a century ago. A sign in Amsterdam?s tourist office by the Central Station hints at one motive for such occasions: “Buy your Rembrandt products here.”

Still, if you start off by liking Rembrandt, as I do, there is much to discover. For instance, when in Amsterdam I always make a point of paying homage to the Rembrandt masterpieces in the Rijksmuseum, yet until now I had never bothered to visit Rembrandt House, where the painter lived from 1639 until driven out by bankruptcy in 1658. In brief, I had never much connected his art to his person.

Now, at least, I have made a stab at doing so because, for this anniversary (he was born on July 15, 1606), Amsterdam has organized a host of events that offer insights into Rembrandt?s world. They highlight not only what is known about his life, but also the people he painted and the city he lived in from the age of 25 until his death at 63 in 1669.

Although the Rijksmuseum is undergoing a massive renovation through 2009, the museum is not snubbing its favorite son. Throughout the year, in part of the building to be renovated last, it is presenting some 400 paintings and other 17th-century objects representing the Golden Age in which Rembrandt prospered. These include works by Jan Steen, Vermeer and Frans Hals as well as by Rembrandt and his pupils. And they climax with Rembra ndt?s largest and best known oil, “The Night Watch,” itself the focus of “Nightwatching,” a light and sound installation by the British movie director and Amsterdam resident, Peter Greenaway.

參考譯文：

阿姆斯特丹古老的運河旁矗立著許多年代久遠(yuǎn)的老建筑，在這里(甚至)能看到 1541 年和 1603 年修建的建筑。沿著這些運河徜徉漫步，人們不禁會浮想：17 世紀(jì)的阿姆斯特 丹該是何等的繁華!當(dāng)年倫布朗在這里為富商巨賈作畫，他眼中的阿姆斯特丹想必是馬 車熙攘，駁船如織，一派繁忙景象，而今天的阿姆斯特丹則是自行車和汽車的天下，河 道水運已不復(fù)往昔。

當(dāng)然，產(chǎn)生這種聯(lián)想對比自有緣由。今年恰逢倫布朗 400 周年誕辰紀(jì)念，阿姆斯特 丹到處都有倫布朗的“身影”。作為倫布朗的出生地、位于阿姆斯特丹以南 20 英里的萊頓 也舉辦了各種紀(jì)念活動。不過，阿姆斯特丹的紀(jì)念活動有兩大優(yōu)勢：一是這里關(guān)于倫布 朗的收藏品是世界上最多的，二是阿姆斯特丹本身就是旅游勝地。

誠然，周年紀(jì)念活動難免落入俗套，但又有哪個城市能抵制住誘惑呢?今年除了阿 姆斯特丹的倫布朗周年紀(jì)念活動，還有薩爾斯堡的莫扎特 250 周年紀(jì)念活動以及艾克司 普羅旺司的塞尚逝世百年祭活動。在中央車站附近的阿姆斯特丹旅游辦公室里有一個貼 士，曰：“可在此購買倫布朗紀(jì)念品，”可以說為此類紀(jì)念活動一語道破天機(jī)。不過，如果 你同我一樣是倫布朗的擁躉者，那么，此時到訪阿姆斯特丹還是很有意義的/也肯定不虛 此行。比如，以前只要到阿姆斯特丹，我都會專程去國立博物館欣賞倫布朗的杰作，然而，我之前從沒有想過要去參觀倫布朗故居。倫布朗從 1639 年起開始在這里居住，一直到 1639 年因破產(chǎn)而不得不搬離此地。總之，此前我從沒有將倫布朗的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作與其個人 生活聯(lián)系在一起。倫布朗出生于 1606 年 7 月 15 日，阿姆斯特丹為他舉辦的一系列誕辰 紀(jì)念活動向人們展示了倫布朗的個人世界，我也得以開始嘗試了解這位藝術(shù)巨匠的私人 生活。倫布朗從 25 歲開始直到他 63 歲(1669 年)去世一直生活在阿姆斯特丹。紀(jì)念活 動不僅展示了早已為人所知的倫布朗的個人生活，而且還突出展示了倫布朗畫作中相關(guān) 人物的背景以及他生活過的這座城市的舊有風(fēng)貌。

國立博物館現(xiàn)正進(jìn)行大修，要到 2009 年才能完工，不過倫布朗作為該博物館的寵兒 并未受到冷落。該博物館分段進(jìn)行翻修，按計劃暫不翻修的區(qū)域全年都將展示 17 世紀(jì)倫 布朗發(fā)跡的那個黃金時代的約 400 幅畫作和其他代表作品，其中包括揚·斯滕、韋梅爾、 弗朗斯·哈爾斯以及倫布朗的名作，還有倫布朗學(xué)生的一些畫作。鎮(zhèn)館之寶當(dāng)屬倫布朗的 巨幅名作、油畫《夜巡》?，F(xiàn)居阿姆斯特丹的英國電影導(dǎo)演彼得 ·格林納威的電影《夜巡》 就是圍繞倫布朗的這幅名作而展開的。

英譯漢選譯題 選譯題一

The arsenal of antibiotics strong enough to squelch nasty bacteria is rapidly dwindling worldwide, which makes worried infectious-disease doctors more intent than ever that the drugs be deployed only when strictly needed.

These specialists know that every antibiotic carries its own risks, and that the more frequently and broadly a drug is used, the more likely it is that harmful microbes will develop tricks to sidestep it. But a team of researchers in the Netherlands, where a more selective use of antibiotics has led to much lower levels of resistant bacteria than are circulating in the United States, thinks the medical finger-waggers have not gone far enough.

"As doctors, we've paid a lot of attention to questions of which antibiotics we should use to treat what sorts of infections, but have focused much less on how long that treatment should last," said Dr. Jan Prins of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam.

In a small but provocative study published in the June 10 issue of the British medical journal BMJ, Dr. Prins and colleagues from nine hospitals suggested that even some cases of pneumonia — a potentially life-threatening disease — could be treated with a three-day course of antibiotics, rather than the conventional 7- to 10-day treatment.

The Dutch study analyzed the cure rates of 186 adults who had been hospitalized with mild to moderately severe pneumonia. All received three days of intravenous amoxicillin to start. After that, the 119 who were showing substantial improvement were randomly divided into two groups; about half continued with another five-day course of oral amoxicillin, and the others got look-alike sugar pills. Neither the patients nor the doctors knew who was getting which treatment until the end of their participation in the study.

By the end of treatment, roughly 89 percent of the patients in each group were cured of their lung infections without further intervention. In a commentary accompanying the study, Dr. John Paul, a microbiologist at Sussex County Hospital in Brighton, England, writes that, at least for a subset of patients with uncomplicated, community-acquired pneumonia, the finding "suggests that current guidelines recommending 7-10 days should be revised."

As lead investigator of the Dutch study, Dr. Prins was not ready to go quite that far. He cited the study's small size and the seriousness of the illness as a reason to wait until the finding is independently replicated before advising a wholesale change in practice.

參考譯文：

強(qiáng)效抗生素的種類在世界范圍內(nèi)快速減少，許多傳染性疾病?？漆t(yī)生對此憂心忡忡，要求對使用抗生素嚴(yán)加監(jiān)管的呼聲也空前高漲。

傳染性疾病?？漆t(yī)生很清楚，所有抗生素都有副作用，一種抗生素使用越頻繁、越 廣泛，病菌對其產(chǎn)生抗藥性的幾率就越大。荷蘭對抗生素使用管理更為嚴(yán)格，病菌抗藥性要比美國低得多?，F(xiàn)在，荷蘭的一組研究人員認(rèn)為醫(yī)療工作者對濫用抗生素的反思還不夠深刻。

阿姆斯特丹學(xué)術(shù)研究中心的簡﹒普林斯說，“作為醫(yī)生，我們一直都非常重視選擇抗 生素時要對癥下藥，但是卻忽視了抗生素的合理治療療程。”

普林斯醫(yī)生和來自 9 家醫(yī)院的同事共同開展了小規(guī)模研究，研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在 6 月 10 日這一期的《英國醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》上。研究結(jié)果顯示，即便是肺炎這種可致命性疾病，對有 些患者而言，經(jīng)過 3 天的抗生素治療就可痊愈，并不需要按照慣例療程進(jìn)行 7 至 10 天的 治療，這一研究結(jié)果備受爭議。

荷蘭研究人員對 186 名輕、中度肺炎患者的治愈率進(jìn)行了研究分析。所有患者最開 始都接受了 3 天的阿莫西林靜脈注射治療。之后，對治療效果明顯改善的 119 名患者隨機(jī) 分成兩組，一組繼續(xù)進(jìn)行為期 5 天的阿莫西林口服治療，另一組則服用安慰劑。在研究 結(jié)束前，患者和醫(yī)生都不清楚哪一組是比照組。

在療程結(jié)束時，兩組中都有約 89%的患者獲得治愈，不再需要進(jìn)一步干預(yù)治療。約 翰﹒保羅醫(yī)生是英格蘭布萊頓蘇塞克斯郡醫(yī)院的微生物學(xué)家。保羅醫(yī)生在為這項研究撰 寫的評論中指出，研究結(jié)果“表明，至少對于一小部分無并發(fā)癥的社區(qū)獲得性肺炎患者而 言，現(xiàn)行的 7 至 10 天的抗生素治療推薦療程應(yīng)予以修正。”

普林斯醫(yī)生是該項研究的帶頭人，他認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在談修正推薦療程為時尚早。他說，這項研究規(guī)模較小，作為研究對象的患者病情并不十分嚴(yán)重，在其他獨立研究得出類似結(jié) 論之前，不應(yīng)急于修正臨床抗生素應(yīng)用推薦療程。

選譯題二(缺)

第二部分 漢譯英 試題一

四川從今年開始將新建三個大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)，使全省的大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)達(dá)到 40 個，以確保 50%左右的大熊貓棲息地和 60%左右的野生大熊貓個體分布在保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)。 目前，四川省共有 37 個大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)，占地 200 多萬公頃，其中國家級大熊貓自然 保護(hù)區(qū) 11 個。據(jù)第三次全國大熊貓普查，四川省野外的大熊貓數(shù)量為 1206 只，約占全國 的 76%。全省大熊貓棲息地面積達(dá)到 177 萬公頃，占全國的 77%。

20 世紀(jì) 50 年代，中國就創(chuàng)立了第一個以保護(hù)大熊貓為目的的自然保護(hù)區(qū)。1992 年 中國政府啟動了一個旨在全面徹底保護(hù)大熊貓棲息地的“中國保護(hù)大熊貓及其棲息地工 程”，1998 年開展了天然林保護(hù)、退耕還林等生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，這些工程開展以后，大熊貓 生存繁衍狀況明顯好轉(zhuǎn)。

大熊貓是世界上最珍貴的瀕危動物之一，被稱為活化石。目前，野生大熊貓僅存 1590只左右，主要分布在四川和陜西。

官方參考譯文(缺)

其他參考譯文：

Three new nature reserves for giant pandas are to be added to the existing protection network in Sichuan from this year. These new shelters will, once in place, bring the total number of natural refuges for the endangered species to 40 in the southwestern province of China. All the conservation areas promise to cover 50% of all habitats of giant pandas, providing shelter for roughly 60% of the wild population.

At the moment, Sichuan is home to 37 nature reserves dedicated to giant pandas, 11 of which are state-level. These sanctuaries cover a combined area of over 2 million hectares. According to the third national census on giant panda population, 1206 giant pandas or 76% of the national total are living in the wild in Sichuan. Habitat area of giant pandas in the province stands at 1.77 million hectares, accounting for 77% of the national total. Back in 1950s, China established the first-ever nature reserve dedicated to giant pandas. In 1992,the Chinese government embarked on a massive project designed to protect giant pandas and their habitats. And in 1998 China set in motion natural forest protection and grain-for-green/farmland-to-forest programs. As a result, giant pandas today live in much better habitats./ Over time, all these endeavors have made a visible difference in the habitat well-being of giant pandas.

As one of the most endangered species in the world, the giant panda is billed as/dubbed the living fossil. At this point, only about 1590 giant pandas remain in the wild, mainly

in Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces.

試題二 能源是人類社會賴以生存和發(fā)展的重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)?？v觀人類社會發(fā)展的歷史，人類

文明的每一次重大進(jìn)步都伴隨著能源的改進(jìn)和更替。能源的開發(fā)利用極大地推進(jìn)了世界 經(jīng)濟(jì)和人類社會的發(fā)展。

過去 100 多年里，發(fā)達(dá)國家先后完成了工業(yè)化，消耗了地球上大量的自然資源，特 別是能源資源。當(dāng)前，一些發(fā)展中國家正在步入工業(yè)化階段，能源消費增加是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會 發(fā)展的客觀必然。

中國是當(dāng)今世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，擺脫貧困，是中國政府和中國人民在相當(dāng)長一段時期內(nèi)的主要任務(wù)。20 世紀(jì) 70 年代末以來，中國作為世界上發(fā)展最快的發(fā)展中國家，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展取得了舉世矚目的輝煌成就，成功地開辟了中國特色社會主 義道路，為世界的發(fā)展和繁榮作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。

中國是目前世界上第二位能源生產(chǎn)國和消費國。能源供應(yīng)持續(xù)增長，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā) 展提供了重要的支撐。能源消費的快速增長，為世界能源市場創(chuàng)造了廣闊的發(fā)展空間。 中國已經(jīng)成為世界能源市場不可或缺的重要組成部分，對維護(hù)全球能源安全，正在發(fā)揮 著越來越重要的積極作用。

官方參考譯文：

Energy is an essential material basis for human survival and development. Over the entire history of mankind, each and every significant step in the progress of human civilization has been accompanied by energy innovations and substitutions. The development and utilization of energy has enormously boosted the development of the world economy and human society.

Over more than 100 years in the past, developed countries have completed their industrialization, consuming an enormous quantity of natural resources, especially energy resources, in the process. Today, some developing countries are ushering in their own era of industrialization, and an increase of energy consumption is inevitable for their economic and social development.

China is the largest developing country in the world, and developing its economy and eliminating poverty will, for a long time to come, remain the main tasks for the Chinese government and the Chinese people. Since the late 1970s, China, as the fastest growing developing country, has scored brilliant achievements in its economy and society that have attracted worldwide attention, successfully blazed the trail of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and made significant contributions to world development and prosperity.

China is now the world's second-largest energy producer and consumer. The sustained growth of energy supply has provided an important support for the country's economic growth and social progress, while the rapid expansion of energy consumption has created a vast scope for the global energy market. As an irreplaceable component of the world energy market, China plays an increasingly important role in maintaining global energy security.

其他參考譯文：

Energy serves as a crucial material/physical basis that sustains the human society. If we look at how the human society has evolved and prospered, we will understand that revolutionary energy upgrading has accompanied major human progress every step of the way. Energy development and exploitation has played a key role in driving the world economy and human society forward./ has given a strong boost to global socio-economic development.

The past century and more has seen developed countries get fully industrialized at the cost/expense of enormous natural resources, particularly energy sources that our planet has to offer. At this point, some developing countries are in the midst of industrialization where increases in energy consumption are part of what it takes to grow their economies and improve social well-being.

As the largest developing economy in the world, China has a long, hard journey to go before the government and the people can eventually shake off poverty through economic expansion. China has emerged as the fastest-growing economy since late 1970s, impressing the world with enviable/remarkable/measurable/visible socio-economic gains. China has also identified the road to socialism with distinctive Chinese features along the way. As such, China has contributed a great deal/also emerged as a great contributor to development and prosperity of the world.

China represents the world?s second largest energy producer and consumer. Rising energy supply serves as a strong underpinner for socio-economic development in China, while rapid increases in energy use promise a huge market potential for energy producers worldwide. As an integral part of/indispensable part of the world energy market, China is becoming increasingly crucial/instrumental/pivotal/essential to global energy security.