英語聽力 學(xué)英語,練聽力,上聽力課堂! 注冊 登錄
> 在線聽力 > 英語中級聽力 > 時差N小時 >  第236篇

時差N小時:樹根及其真菌好友

所屬教程:時差N小時

瀏覽:

2016年03月11日

手機(jī)版
掃描二維碼方便學(xué)習(xí)和分享
https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0009/9697/235.mp3
https://image.tingclass.net/statics/js/2012
If I told you there was a large mass of fungusinfecting the roots of that lovely pine tree whichshades your front lawn, would you be worried?Would you buy a strong fungicide if I said that thisfungus survived by sucking valuable sugars,vitamins, and other nutrients out of your tree'sroots?

可愛的松樹在前院的草叢上投下了陰涼。如果這時我告訴你這顆松樹的根部感染了大量的真菌,你會感到擔(dān)心嗎?如果我告訴你這種真菌是靠吸收根部的糖、維他命以及其它營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)來生存,你會買來強(qiáng)力除菌劑除掉它們嗎?

Actually, most species of tree and plant are routinely infected by what's known as “mycorrhizalfungi,” but this is no cause for alarm. We'll learn how trees can actually benefit from theirfungal friends on today's moment of science.

事實(shí)上,大多種類的樹木和植物的根部都會感染菌根真菌,但你沒有理由驚慌。在今天的科學(xué)時刻我們會一同學(xué)習(xí)樹木如何與它們的真菌朋友相互依存,互惠互利。

Many trees and plants not only host mycorrhizal fungi–they have actually come to depend onthem. As the fungi grow, they send fine tentacles streaming into the soil. These tentacles helpchannel large amounts of water and nutrients back to the host tree, far more water than thetree would be able to trap with its roots alone.

許多樹木和植物不僅僅是菌根真菌的宿主——它們實(shí)際上是在依靠這些真菌。隨著真菌不斷的繁衍,大量細(xì)長的觸須涌向土壤。這些觸須會將大量的水分和營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)引回宿主樹木的身邊,這遠(yuǎn)比樹木的根部自身所捕獲的水分要多。

One study found that conifers with the fungus are twice as likely to survive a drought asthose without. Some mycorrhizal fungi help their host tree in other ways too, secreting a treehormone that causes the roots to grow new root tips, and a hormone that increases thelongevity of these new roots.

一個研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有真菌的針葉樹比沒有真菌的針葉樹在干旱中幸存的幾率高兩倍。有些菌根真菌還能在其他方面幫助宿主樹木。它們刺激樹木的根部分泌激素,以長出新的根須,這種激素也能延長新樹根的壽命。

Other fungi release natural antibiotics into the soil, further protecting the tree. In fact, theseedlings of many tree species will die if fungus does not develop around their roots duringtheir first year of growth.

還有一些真菌會在土壤中釋放天然的抗生素,進(jìn)一步保護(hù)樹木。實(shí)際上,如果幼樹在第一年的生長期中沒有真菌寄生在其根部,那么大量的幼樹都會死亡。

This is a striking example of the biological concept of symbiosis, in which two or moreunrelated species have co-evolved and now depend on each other for survival. It shows us justhow interconnected the delicate web of life is. Which covers our planting earth.

生物概念下的共生現(xiàn)象是指兩種或者多種不相關(guān)聯(lián)的物種共同進(jìn)化,互相依存,而樹木與真菌就是一個顯著的例子。它向我們展示了生命之網(wǎng)的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。生命之網(wǎng)雖然脆弱,但卻蘊(yùn)育了繁茂的地球。

用戶搜索

瘋狂英語 英語語法 新概念英語 走遍美國 四級聽力 英語音標(biāo) 英語入門 發(fā)音 美語 四級 新東方 七年級 賴世雄 zero是什么意思青島市藍(lán)岸郡景英語學(xué)習(xí)交流群

網(wǎng)站推薦

英語翻譯英語應(yīng)急口語8000句聽歌學(xué)英語英語學(xué)習(xí)方法

  • 頻道推薦
  • |
  • 全站推薦
  • 推薦下載
  • 網(wǎng)站推薦