托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：雅典面對和解決的問題

　　The problems that were faced and solved in Athens were the sharing of political power between the established aristocracy and the emerging other classes, and the adjustment of aristocratic ways of life to the ways of life of the new polis.

　　詞匯解釋：

　　aristocracy: the people in the highest social class, who traditionally have a lot of land, money, and power.

　　emerging:in an early state of development

　　polis: 希臘城邦

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析：

　　復(fù)合句。主句中包含that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

　　句子分析：

　　The problems(定語從句：that were faced and solved in Athens) were the sharing of political power between the established aristocracy and the emerging other classes, and the adjustment of aristocratic ways of life to the ways of life of the new polis.

　　主句中，the problems 是主語，。problems后接定語從句，從句中，that作主語，指的是problems，were faced and solved 是謂語， in Athens, 狀語。從句后面的were the sharing…. and the adjustment…. 這些部分都是主句中的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作謂語部分。 本部分的意思是：雅典面對和解決的問題是...

　　表語1部分： the sharing of political power between the established aristocracy and the emerging other classes中，of political power 介詞結(jié)構(gòu)作定語，說明分享的是政治權(quán)利。 between the established aristocracy and the emerging other classes，依然是介詞結(jié)構(gòu)作定語，說明是哪兩類人群在分享政治權(quán)利。本部分的意思為：現(xiàn)存的貴族和新興的其他階級之間的政治權(quán)利的分享.

　　表語2部分：the adjustment of aristocratic ways of life to the ways of life of the new polis. of aristocratic ways of life 定語修飾adjustment， to the ways of life of the new polis 還是定語，依然修飾adjustment，其中of the new polis 定語，修飾the ways of life. 本部分意思為：貴族們針對新城邦的生活方式對自己生活方式進(jìn)行調(diào)整。

　　參考翻譯：

　　雅典面對和解決的問題是：現(xiàn)存的貴族和新興的其他階級之間的政治權(quán)利的分享，以及貴族們針對新城邦的生活方式對自己的生活方式進(jìn)行調(diào)整。