大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯分類詞匯:(一)歷史、文化類

(一)歷史、文化類

中華文明 Chinese civilization

文明搖籃 cradle of civilization

華夏祖先 the Chinese ancestors

秦始皇帝 First Emperor,Emperor Chin

皇太后 Empress Dowager

漢高祖劉邦 founder of the Han Dynasty(206BC-220AD)

成吉思汗 Genghis Khan;Temujin

夏朝 the Xia Dynasty

明清兩代 the Ming and Qing Dynasties

地名:特別注意四川和陜西拼法

四川 Sichuan,Szechwan,Szechuan

陜西 Shaanxi

四大發(fā)明 the four great inventions of ancient China

火藥 gunpowder

印刷術(shù) printing

造紙術(shù) paper-making

指南針 the compass

漢字 Chinese character

單音節(jié) single syllable

漢語四聲調(diào) the four tones of Chinese characters

陽平 level tone

陰平 rising tone

上聲 falling-rising tone

去聲 falling tone

四書 the Four Books

《大學(xué)》 The Great Learning

《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean

《論語》 The Analects of Confucius

《孟子》 The Mencius

《春秋》 the Spring and Autumn Annals

《史記》 Historical Records

《詩經(jīng)》 The Book of Songs;The Book of Odes

《書經(jīng)》/《尚書》 The Book of History

《易經(jīng)》 I Ching;The Book of Changes

《禮記》 The Book of Rites

《孝經(jīng)》 Book of Filial Piety

《孫子兵法》 The Art of War

《三字經(jīng)》 The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant

《三國演義》 Three Kingdoms

《西游記》 Journey to the West;Pilgrimage to the West

《紅樓夢(mèng)》 Dream of the Red Mansions

《山海經(jīng)》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers

《資治通鑒》 History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers

《西廂記》 The Romance of West Chamber

《水滸傳》 Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of the Water Margin

《聊齋志異》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio

《圍城》 Fortress Besieged

《阿Q正傳》 The True Story of Ah Q

五言絕句 five-character quatrain

七言律詩 seven-character octave

八股文 eight-part essay;stereotyped writing

重要文化遺產(chǎn) major cultural heritage

優(yōu)秀民間藝術(shù) outstanding folk arts

文物 cultural relics

中國畫 traditional Chinese painting

書法 calligraphy

水墨畫 Chinese brush painting;ink and wash painting

工筆 traditional Chinese realistic painting

中國結(jié) Chinese knot

旗袍 Cheongsam

中山裝 Chinese tunic suit

唐裝 traditional Chinese garments(clothing);Tang suit

朝廷使者 royal court envoy

文人 men of letters

雅士 refined scholars

表演藝術(shù) performing art

流行藝術(shù) popular art;pop art

純藝術(shù) high art

高雅藝術(shù) refined art

電影藝術(shù) cinematographic art

踩高蹺 stilt walk

啞劇 pantomime;mime

啞劇演員 pantomimist

戲劇小品 skit

馬戲 circus show

單口相聲 monologue comic talk;standup comedy

特技表演 stunt

相聲 witty dialogue comedy;comic crosstalk

雜技 acrobatics

京韻大鼓 the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment

戲劇藝術(shù) theatrical art

才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies

生(男性正面角色)male(the positive male role)

旦(女性正面角色)female(the positivefemale role)

凈(性格鮮明的男性配角)a supportingmale role with striking character

丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色)a clown or anegative role

花臉 painted role

歌舞喜劇 musical

滑稽場(chǎng)面,搞笑噱頭 shtick

滑稽短劇 skit

京劇人物臉譜 Peking Opera Mask

皮影戲 shadow play;leather-silhouetteshow

說書 story-telling

疊羅漢 make a human pyramid

折子戲 opera highlights

秦腔 Shaanxi opera

武術(shù) martial art

功夫 kung fu

武術(shù)門派 styles or schools of martial art

習(xí)武健身 practice martial art for fitness

氣功 qigong;deep breathing exercises

拳擊 boxing

篆刻 seal cutting upriteous

工藝,手藝 workmanship;craftsmanship

卷軸 scroll

蠟染 batik

泥人 clay figure

漆畫 lacquer painting

唐三彩 trio-colored glazed pottery ofthe tang Dynasty

景泰藍(lán) cloisonné

文房四寶 the four stationery treasuresof the Chinese study—a writingbrush,an ink stick,an ink stone andpaper

民間傳說 folklores

寓言 fable

傳說 legend

神話 mythology

古為今用,洋為中用 make the past servethe present and the foreign serve China

賦詩 inscribe a poem

對(duì)對(duì)聯(lián) matching an antithetical couplet

陽歷 solar calendar

公歷 Gregorian calendar

陰歷 lunar calendar

天干 heavenly stem

地支 earthly branch

閏年 leap year

二十四節(jié)氣 the twenty-four solar terms

十二生肖 the twelve Chinese zodiac signs

本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches

傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 traditional holidays

春節(jié) the Spring Festival

元宵節(jié) the Lantern Festival(15th day of the first lunar month)

清明節(jié) the Tomb-sweeping Day(April the 5th)

端午節(jié) the Dragon Boat Festival(5th of the fifth lunar month)

中秋節(jié) the Mid-Autumn Day(15th of the eight lunar month)

重陽節(jié) the Double Ninth Day;the AgedDay

古文明研究中心 Research Center for Ancient Civilizations

中外學(xué)者 Chinese and overseas scholars

考古學(xué)家 archaeologists

人類學(xué)家 anthropologist

歷史學(xué)家 historian

地理學(xué)家 geographer