“潔癖”、“強(qiáng)迫癥”用英語(yǔ)怎么說?

你是否接觸過有潔癖的人?也就是傳說中的很怕臟，洗手要洗很多次的人。這種人也容易讓人想起另一個(gè)詞——“強(qiáng)迫癥”。那么，“潔癖”和“強(qiáng)迫癥”用英語(yǔ)怎么說呢?一起來(lái)看看吧~

首先，“有潔癖的人”口語(yǔ)叫neat freak(可數(shù)名詞)。其中，neat和中文的“整潔”比較對(duì)應(yīng)，意思是“整齊又清潔”，而freak指“舉止或行為不正常的人”。neat freak完全可以用來(lái)指代中文的“有潔癖的人”，但它除了表示一個(gè)人愛干凈，還表示這個(gè)人愛整齊，比如過度喜歡把書跟衣服都擺放得整整齊齊的。請(qǐng)看以下例句，講的就是一個(gè)不修邊幅的人和一個(gè)有潔癖的人的故事：

【例】Neil Simon's classic comedy about a slob and a neat freak sharing the same apartment.

(來(lái)源：《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》官網(wǎng)，地址為https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/culture/la-et-cm-la-theater-openings-march-30april-6-white-marriage-and-more-20140326-story.html#page=1)

其次，書面語(yǔ)把“潔癖”叫mysophobia。如果說一個(gè)人患有潔癖，就是suffer from mysophobia。請(qǐng)看以下例句，講的就是一頭豬患上了潔癖：

【例】Six-week-old Cinders appears to suffer from mysophobia, a fear of dirt, after refusing to join her siblings as they splashed around in the mud.

(來(lái)源：BBC官網(wǎng)，地址為https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/north_yorkshire/7448006.stm)

說到潔癖，大家可能會(huì)想到強(qiáng)迫癥，它的英語(yǔ)說法是obsessive-compulsive disorder(連字符也可以去掉)，簡(jiǎn)稱OCD?；加袕?qiáng)迫癥，和患有潔癖類似，也用suffer from，是suffer from obsessive compulsive disorder，請(qǐng)看以下例句：

【例】And when Leport and her colleagues put 11 of their subjects into a magnetic brain imaging scanner, they found that two areas of their brains -- the middle temporal gyrus and the basal ganglia -- were larger than those of people who showed no sign of superior autobiographical memory. Those same areas, it turns out, also are enlarged in people who suffer from obsessive compulsive disorder.

(來(lái)源：《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》，地址為https://www.latimes.com/health/la-heb-memory-obsession-brain-20111113-story.html)

總結(jié)一下，患有什么病，用suffer from + (病的名稱)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)都可以，如：

【例】More than three million people suffer from severe mental illness.

(來(lái)源：MacMillan English Dictionary – American)

【例】I'm suffering from a bad back.

(來(lái)源：Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English)