怎樣說(shuō)一口流利的英語(yǔ)：樹(shù)立自信心，推動(dòng)良性循環(huán)

　　　想要提高流利度，最好的方法之一就是談?wù)撃闶熘脑掝}。當(dāng)你對(duì)自己了解的事物進(jìn)行討論時(shí)，你會(huì)受到更多挑戰(zhàn)，因?yàn)槟銜?huì)在討論自己感興趣的主題時(shí)，會(huì)使用相關(guān)詞匯。即使你不懂行話，你也會(huì)使用一些常用的新詞匯。談?wù)撃?ldquo;熟知”的話題可以幫助你樹(shù)立信心，因?yàn)闊o(wú)需為了查找正確的行話而苦惱。

　　自信心的推動(dòng)可以讓你走進(jìn)一個(gè)良性循環(huán)：我說(shuō)得越多，我就越是愿意犯錯(cuò)誤，英語(yǔ)也就提高得越多，自然也就更愿意開(kāi)口了。

　　1.The Virtuous Cycle

　　良性循環(huán)

　　A virtuous cycle is a process through which you steadily improve over time. Think of improving your English fluency as not going from point A to point B, but, rather, like a spiral that grows over time as in the graphic. You'll start off slowly, but you'll expand, you will become more fluent, which will lead you to want to speak more and so on. The key to improving fluency is to grow slowly over time and take time for the process. It doesn't happen over night, so you need to have the right attitude: I'm going to make mistakes, and I'll learn from them.

　　良性循環(huán)就是一個(gè)你的英語(yǔ)平穩(wěn)上升的過(guò)程。提高英語(yǔ)的流利度，并不是像從A點(diǎn)跳到B點(diǎn)，而是螺旋形的圖案一樣。你的起步可能比較慢，但你一直都在進(jìn)步，你會(huì)變得更加流利，這會(huì)使你更有開(kāi)口的欲望。提高流利度的關(guān)鍵在于慢慢進(jìn)步，專(zhuān)注過(guò)程。它不是一朝一夕的事，所以你需要樹(shù)立正確的態(tài)度：我會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，并且從中學(xué)習(xí)。

　　This may seem like a simple answer, and it is! However, over the years I've noticed that students who are willing too make the most mistakes are also the students who more quickly become fluent in English.

　　這看起來(lái)可能很簡(jiǎn)單，但它也確實(shí)是這樣的!不過(guò)，多年以來(lái)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，越是不怕犯錯(cuò)誤的學(xué)生，越是能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)說(shuō)一口流利的英語(yǔ)。

　　Students who are overly worried about being correct may do very well on grammar tests, but they often have difficulties speaking English. That's because they become too self-aware and don't allow themselves to join in the flow of a conversation.

　　太過(guò)在意正誤的學(xué)生可能會(huì)在語(yǔ)法考試中名列前茅，但他們?cè)诳谡Z(yǔ)上會(huì)遇到困難。這是因?yàn)樗麄冏晕乙庾R(shí)太過(guò)強(qiáng)烈，不讓自己加入到對(duì)話當(dāng)中。

　　2.Conversations are a River

　　對(duì)話就像河流

　　Good conversations flow like a river.

　　好的對(duì)話如同流水。

　　They go from this topic to that topic, nothing is forced. If you listen to closely to yourself, or are constantly thinking "Is this right?", you'll block the flow of the river. It sounds simplistic, but I've noticed it to be absolutely true. Even if you have difficulties finding the right words, take your time, find the words and participate. Don't criticize yourself.

　　他們?cè)诟鱾€(gè)話題之間切換，毫無(wú)壓力。如果你太過(guò)在意自己說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容，或者總是在想“我這樣說(shuō)對(duì)不對(duì)?”那么你就是阻塞河流的流動(dòng)了。這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單，但我發(fā)現(xiàn)這確實(shí)是真的。即使你在對(duì)話中找不到恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，可以花一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，查找要用的詞語(yǔ)，再加入對(duì)話中。不要總是批評(píng)自己。

　　Here's a way to think about improving your fluency through conversation.

　　下面是怎樣通過(guò)對(duì)話來(lái)提高流利度的方法。

　　Trust yourself to speak.

　　相信自己能行。

　　Make a number of mistakes, but continue the conversation.

　　即使會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，也會(huì)堅(jiān)持練習(xí)。

　　Listen to your partner speak on the same subject.

　　同樣的話題，聽(tīng)聽(tīng)你的搭檔是怎么說(shuō)的。

　　Notice differences between the vocabulary you've used, and the vocabulary your partner has used.

　　留意你和搭檔在用詞上的差異。

　　Compare the differences and consider the following questions:

　　將這些差別進(jìn)行對(duì)比，并考慮下面的問(wèn)題：

　　1. Can you pick up any new vocabulary?

　　你能學(xué)會(huì)使用新詞匯嗎?

　　2. Were there any differences in the way your partner used the expressions?

　　你的搭檔所使用的表達(dá)和你有不同點(diǎn)嗎?

　　3. Why were there differences?

　　不同點(diǎn)在哪里?

　　4. Were they differences in grammar usage?

　　在語(yǔ)法的使用上，你們有不同點(diǎn)嗎?

　　If you are speaking with native speakers, pay special attention to small things like the preposition used in a phrasal verb.

　　如果你和英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)者交談，要留意一些細(xì)節(jié)，例如動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中介詞的使用。

　　Start to change your own expressions using the knowledge you've gained.

　　利用你所學(xué)的知識(shí)來(lái)改變你的表達(dá)。

　　This process takes place naturally, but thinking about this process consciously will help you make it part of your English learning process.

　　這個(gè)過(guò)程是自然而然地進(jìn)行的，但是下意識(shí)地去思考這個(gè)過(guò)程會(huì)事情成為你學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)過(guò)程中的一部分。

　　Once you've done this, your English will improve much more rapidly. However, it takes time, so have patience and trust yourself!

　　當(dāng)你做到這些，你的英語(yǔ)會(huì)進(jìn)步得更快。但這也是需要時(shí)間的，所以，有耐心一點(diǎn)，相信自己!

　　3.I Don't Want to Speak until I'm Perfect OR I'll Make Too Many Mistakes!

　　英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得溜才能開(kāi)口，或者我擔(dān)心犯太多錯(cuò)誤!

　　Many students who are unsure may feel like they shouldn't speak until everything's just right. Or, perhaps they feel that they'll make too many mistakes. For me, there's no such thing as too many mistakes. The more mistakes you make, the better - if you pay attention.

　　許多缺乏自信的學(xué)生會(huì)覺(jué)得，只有英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好才能開(kāi)口。或者說(shuō)，他們擔(dān)心自己會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。于我來(lái)講，并沒(méi)有這回事。如果你有心的話，你犯的錯(cuò)誤越多，英語(yǔ)也就學(xué)得越好。

　　4.Attitude is Everything

　　態(tài)度決定一切

　　If you worry about making too many mistakes, you're not paying attention to improving your English. By taking your attention off your own mistakes, and comparing your English to your partner's you'll become more relaxed and better able to speak English.

　　如果你擔(dān)心犯太多錯(cuò)誤，你就不會(huì)重視英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)。將你的注意力從錯(cuò)誤上收回，和搭檔進(jìn)行比較，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會(huì)更加放松，也就更愿意開(kāi)口說(shuō)英語(yǔ)了。

　　5.Putting the Process into Practice

　　將過(guò)程落實(shí)到實(shí)踐

　　Choose a topic in which you are an expert.

　　選擇一個(gè)你熟悉的話題

　　Something you really love to do, a place you enjoy visiting, anything you're interested in. Find a partner, and talk like the expert you are. It'll build confidence and you can put some of these ideas to practice because you'll be more relaxed.

　　你喜歡做的某件事，喜歡去的某個(gè)地方，或者感興趣的任何事。找一個(gè)搭檔，像內(nèi)行人那樣進(jìn)行討論。這會(huì)樹(shù)立你的自信心，你也會(huì)選擇一些方法來(lái)練習(xí)，因?yàn)槟銜?huì)覺(jué)得更放松。