BBC紀(jì)錄片《大麻 罪惡之種》 第18期：日常行為控制器

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OK. Can you show me the task?

好的，你能給我看一下實(shí)驗(yàn)嗎？

Yeah.

當(dāng)然可以。

When volunteer lies in the scanner, this is what he sees.

當(dāng)志愿者躺在掃描儀下時(shí)，他們會(huì)看到這個(gè)。

He sees an arrow pointing right or left, and he is asked to press the button right or left accordingly.

他會(huì)看到一個(gè)指左邊或右邊的箭頭，按要求他就要按方向?qū)?yīng)的按鈕。

And then occasionally there will be an arrow pointing upwards, and he is asked not to press the button.

有時(shí)會(huì)突然出現(xiàn)一個(gè)向上的箭頭，他就什么按鈕都不按。

Stop himself from...

抑制自己...

So in a sense he is asked to do nothing?

就是說(shuō)他什么都不要做？

That's right. He is asked to stop himself from pressing the button.

是的，他要控制自己不按按鈕。

And this was the particular bit of the task that we were interested in.

這是實(shí)驗(yàn)比較特別的一點(diǎn)，也是我們最感興趣的部分。

And this is how we put the brakes on...

這也就是我們所說(shuō)的停止按鈕...

Yeah. I guess that sort of braking is the sort of control over behaviour that we do all the time.

我想所謂的停止按鈕，也就是我們?nèi)粘Ｐ袨榈目刂破鳎瑢?duì)吧？

Yeah.

是的。

So Zerrin gave this task to volunteers, inside a brain scanner.

潔琳對(duì)躺在腦部掃描器里面的志愿者進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。

Each of them had received THC equivalent to smoking one joint.

所有的志愿者都服用了相當(dāng)于一根大麻煙含量的THC。

She then repeated the experiment with a placebo for comparison.

然后她又對(duì)使用安慰劑的對(duì)象試驗(yàn)，并進(jìn)行對(duì)比。

What she was looking for was the brain activity in each group as they tried not to press the button in response to the up arrow.

她要找的是每組人看到向上箭頭時(shí)，他們嘗試不去按按鈕的腦部活動(dòng)。

This is the average of 15 volunteers.

這是15個(gè)志愿者的平均結(jié)果。

And this is the placebo condition, basically this is the normal situation.

這是使用安慰劑那組的結(jié)果，基本上屬于正常的狀況。

So this is the normal brain responding to that task.

這是正常人腦的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。

Yeah, normal brain.

對(duì)的，正常人腦。

Yeah. As you can see, certain areas are looking red there which are activated, and that is the pre-frontal cortex.

對(duì)。正如你所看到，有一部分是紅色的，那表示大腦的前額葉處活躍的部分。

And this is what you would expect in a normal situation, when we are stopping yourself from doing something.

這就是正常情況下，當(dāng)我們要停止做一些事時(shí)的結(jié)果。

And this is the average of again 15 people this time who have taken THC, cannabis.

而這則是使用了THC，也就是大麻的15位志愿者的平均結(jié)果。

And what you see, very clearly, that in fact the normal areas are not working, there's no activity.

你能明顯的看到，正常情況下活躍的區(qū)域并沒有活動(dòng)，它們罷工了。

Zerrin believes that the inactivation of these frontal areas of the brain,

潔琳相信，腦前葉也就是理解周圍環(huán)境的部分，

which interpret our surroundings, might explain some effects of cannabis such as paranoia.

它這種不活躍的狀態(tài)，可以對(duì)大麻的一些影響作出解釋，如妄想癥。