世界節(jié)假日博覽 第59期:世界防治結(jié)核病日

　　World Tuberculosis Day falls on March 24th each year. It is sponsored by the World Health Organisation. Its aim is to raise global awareness that tuberculosis is still anepidemic in many parts of the world. Many people in rich countries believe the disease has largely been wiped out. This is untrue. Tuberculosis (TB) kills over 1.6 million people each year. Almost all deaths are in the world’s poorest nations. March 24th is the day when Dr. Robert Koch made the discovery of the cause of tuberculosis in 1882. He identified the TB bacillus. In the late nineteenth century, TB was a major killer, responsible for the deaths of 15 per cent of the populations of America and Europe. Dr. Koch's discovery helped find a cure for TB.

　　每年的3月24日為世界防治結(jié)核病日。該節(jié)日由世衛(wèi)組織發(fā)起。該節(jié)日的目的是要提高人們對(duì)肺結(jié)核病的認(rèn)識(shí)，在全球許多地區(qū)，肺結(jié)核依然猖獗。生活在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的許多民眾認(rèn)為，肺結(jié)核已經(jīng)在大部分地區(qū)消失。這并不真實(shí)。每年，因肺結(jié)核而死亡的人數(shù)超過(guò)了1600萬(wàn)。所有死亡病例幾乎都發(fā)生在貧困國(guó)家。1882年的3月24日，羅伯特·科霍醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)了肺結(jié)核病因。他發(fā)現(xiàn)了結(jié)核菌。19世紀(jì)晚期，肺結(jié)核成為了主要?dú)⑹?，美?guó)和歐洲人口的15%死于肺結(jié)核?？苹翎t(yī)生的發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于找到肺結(jié)核的治療方法。

　　Tuberculosis is a disease that is spread through the air. It is preventable and curable, if people can get access to the right medicine. In rich countries, babies have injections to give them lifelong protection from TB. Babies in poorer countries are not as lucky. Over 1.5 million people died from TB in 2006. People who catch the disease have the TB bacillus in their lungs. They spread the disease when they cough, making it highly contagious. The symptoms of tuberculosis are a terrible cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. The disease can also seriously affect other body organs. The WHO is working to halve the number of TB deaths by 2015.

　　肺結(jié)核通過(guò)空氣傳播。如果病患治療得當(dāng)，肺結(jié)核是完全可以預(yù)防和治愈的。在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，嬰兒會(huì)接種肺結(jié)核疫苗。而出生在貧困國(guó)家的嬰兒就沒(méi)有那么幸運(yùn)了。2006年，有超過(guò)150萬(wàn)人死于肺結(jié)核。感染者的肺部會(huì)攜帶結(jié)核菌?？人砸材軌騻鞑ゼ膊?，這使得該疾病的傳染率極高。肺結(jié)核癥狀有咳嗽、發(fā)燒、盜汗以及體重減輕。并對(duì)其他器官造成嚴(yán)重影響。到2015年，世衛(wèi)組織希望將肺結(jié)核死亡人數(shù)減半。

　　1.weight loss 體重減輕

　　例句：Symptoms of the disease include fever and weight loss.

　　這種疾病的癥狀包括發(fā)燒和體重減輕。

　　2.night sweats 盜汗

　　例句：Will they be expecting stomach cramps, acid reflux, night sweats?

　　那他們會(huì)期望肚子痛反酸盜汗嗎 ?

　　3.wipe out 使滅絕

　　例句：The spill could wipe out the Gulf's turtle population.

　　這次原油泄漏可能會(huì)使波斯灣的海龜滅絕。

　　4.World Health Organisation 世界衛(wèi)生組織

　　例句：He gave money to the World Health Organisation to help defeat smallpox.

　　他向世界衛(wèi)生組織提供資金以幫助消滅天花。

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