海底兩萬(wàn)里 第180期 第13章 一些數(shù)字(3)

Fine, captain, but now we come to a genuine difficulty. You're able to lie flush with the surface of the ocean, that I understand.

對(duì)，船長(zhǎng)，可是這里有實(shí)際的困難。這樣，您可以使船面跟洋面一致，我可以理解。

But lower down, while diving beneath that surface, isn't your submersible going to encounter a pressure, and consequently undergo an upward thrust, that must be assessed at one atmosphere per every thirty feet of water, hence at about one kilogram per each square centimeter?

但是，再向下沉，潛入水面以下，您的潛水機(jī)器不是碰到一種壓力嗎?碰到一種由下而上的浮力嗎?這種力是以三十英尺高的水柱壓力即一個(gè)大氣壓力為計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，也就是說(shuō)，每一平方厘米所受的力約為一公斤。

Precisely, sir.

對(duì)，先生。

Then unless you fill up the whole Nautilus, I don't see how you can force it down into the heart of these liquid masses.

所以，只有您把諾第留斯號(hào)全部裝滿了水，否則，我不明白您是怎樣把船潛到海底下去。

Professor, Captain Nemo replied, static objects mustn't be confused with dynamic ones, or we'll be open to serious error.

教授，尼摩船長(zhǎng)回答，不應(yīng)當(dāng)把靜力學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)混：淆起來(lái)，不然的話，就要發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。

Comparatively little effort is spent in reaching the ocean's lower regions, because all objects have a tendency to become 'sinkers.' Follow my logic here.

到達(dá)海洋的下層，實(shí)際不用費(fèi)很大的力量，因?yàn)榉参矬w都有下沉到底的傾向。請(qǐng)您聽(tīng)我的推論吧。

I'm all ears, captain.

船長(zhǎng)，我靜聽(tīng)著您的話。

When I wanted to determine what increase in weight the Nautilus needed to be given in order to submerge, I had only to take note of the proportionate reduction in volume that salt water experiences in deeper and deeper strata.

要船潛入水底，就必需增加重量，當(dāng)我決定增加時(shí)，我只須注意海水體積在不同深度中的壓縮數(shù)量就成了。

That's obvious, I replied.

當(dāng)然。我回答。

Now then, if water isn't absolutely incompressible, at least it compresses very little.

可是，水雖不是絕對(duì)不可壓縮，但至少是很難壓縮。

In fact, according to the most recent calculations, this reduction is only .0000436 per atmosphere, or per every thirty feet of depth. For instance, to go 1,000 meters down, I must take into account the reduction in volume that occurs under a pressure equivalent to that from a 1,000-meter column of water, in other words, under a pressure of 100 atmospheres. In this instance the reduction would be 00436.

是這樣，根據(jù)最近的計(jì)算，每一大氣壓(即三十英尺高的水柱壓力)下，這種壓縮數(shù)量是一千萬(wàn)分之四百三十六。比方要到一，千米深的水層，我這時(shí)要注意的就是海水在一千米：的壓力下，即一百大氣壓的壓力下它的體積的壓縮數(shù)量。這個(gè)數(shù)量為十萬(wàn)分之四百三十六。

Consequently, I'd have to increase my weight from 1,507.2 metric tons to 1,513.77.

所以我這時(shí)應(yīng)增加到的總重量，不是，一千五百零七點(diǎn)二噸，而是一千五百十三點(diǎn)七七噸。

So the added weight would only be 6.57 metric tons.

因此，增加的重量數(shù)是六點(diǎn)五七噸。