Quora精選：學(xué)霸們有什么特殊的學(xué)習(xí)技巧？

I am smart but a slow learner, I have seen people who learn things quickly have a different approach to new things and a different attitude but I can't clearly tell these things apart. Can you?

我很聰明，但學(xué)的很慢。我見(jiàn)過(guò)一些人，他們學(xué)起東西來(lái)非常快，對(duì)待新知識(shí)有自己獨(dú)特的技巧和態(tài)度。但是我區(qū)分不了，你可以嗎？

Answered by Will Stern

Will Sern的回復(fù)：

I've been in the web development industry for 16 years and have had to learn countless new technologies. I've also been a guitar, graphic design & video editing teacher for the better part of 2 decades. As a result, I've learned some very efficient ways to help people learn new things quickly:

我從事網(wǎng)頁(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)工作長(zhǎng)達(dá)16年，不得不學(xué)習(xí)無(wú)數(shù)的新技術(shù)。這20年來(lái)的大部分時(shí)間里，我還教人彈吉他、做平面設(shè)計(jì)和編輯視頻。因此我學(xué)到了一些十分有效的方法，能幫助大家快速學(xué)習(xí)新事物。

Drown your way to swimming.

學(xué)習(xí)要破釜沉舟。

Don't start at the bottom, start at the top. Find the very best person in the field and follow what they say. If you don't understand their words because they're over your head. Listen to them more - Google their terminologies - until you do understand the world they live in. Compare your work to the best on earth, not to your peers.

不要從底層出發(fā)，要從最頂端開(kāi)始。找到你所在領(lǐng)域最優(yōu)秀的人，關(guān)注他們說(shuō)了什么。如果因?yàn)樗麄兊膶哟翁?，你不能理解他們的話，那就多?tīng)聽(tīng)他們是怎么說(shuō)的，上谷歌（Google）搜一下他們說(shuō)的專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，直到你真的能夠理解他們的世界。跟世界上最出色的人作比較，而不是你的同儕。

Put yourself in a place that's way over your head. Apply for a job that you probably won't get ... The failed interview will provide invaluable information as to what people value on the playing field you want to be on.

讓自己處于一種遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出你能力范圍的環(huán)境，找一份你很可能應(yīng)聘不上的工作……失敗的面試經(jīng)歷能讓你獲得非常寶貴的信息，讓你了解在你想進(jìn)入的領(lǐng)域中，人們都看重些什么。

"Play with the big boys" any chance you get. Get addicted to the feeling of being the worst on the team. If you become the best, find a new place to work where you aren't anymore.

抓住一切可以和大牛接觸的機(jī)會(huì)。迷上做“鳳尾”的感覺(jué)。如果你成了最棒的那個(gè)，那就跳槽去一個(gè)你不再是最優(yōu)秀的新環(huán)境工作。

Refuse to learn without doing.

切忌光學(xué)不做。

Don't read a blog on how to code without hand-coding/copying every example.

不要光讀教你如何寫代碼的博客，而要自己動(dòng)手敲代碼，或者模仿其中的范例。

If you listen to a lecture, take unnecessarily complex notes—this will lock in information.

聽(tīng)講座的時(shí)候，筆記要盡可能詳實(shí)——這能幫助你牢記信息。

Edit: Research shows that taking more selective notes causes you to process the information and retain it better: Taking Notes by Hand Benefits Recall, Researchers Find

注：研究表明，有選擇性地做更多筆記能促使你的大腦處理信息并記得更牢。（來(lái)源：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，動(dòng)手做筆記有助于回憶）

Start a blog. Disseminate the valuable information you're learning to others.

開(kāi)始寫博客。把你正在學(xué)習(xí)的有價(jià)值的信息傳播給其他人。

The simple act of teaching will cause you to process the knowledge to a level of simplicity that greatly increases your understanding. Plus, any human interaction surrounding the knowledge - comments, arguments, corrections, will cause it to lock-in deeper into your memory.

教別人能幫你整合所學(xué)，由繁化簡(jiǎn)，從而更好地理解所學(xué)知識(shí)。此外，任何與這些知識(shí)點(diǎn)相關(guān)的人際互動(dòng)——評(píng)論、辯論、指正，都會(huì)加深你的記憶。

Practice shorter, but more frequently rather than longer, but less frequently.

短時(shí)間、高頻率地練習(xí)，而不是反之。

A guitar student who practices 10 minutes every day will do far better than one who plays 2 hours once a week. The latter will simply keep re-learning much of the same thing each week, forgetting it by the next week. Your brain remembers the first and last things the most, so make sure to recap each "learning session" with the most important things you want to remember.

每天練十分鐘吉他的學(xué)生，彈得會(huì)比每周練兩個(gè)小時(shí)的學(xué)生好很多。后者只是每周重復(fù)學(xué)習(xí)大致相同的內(nèi)容，然后下周又忘了。你的大腦對(duì)第一件事和最后一件事的印象最深刻，所以一定要簡(jiǎn)要回顧每個(gè)“學(xué)習(xí)階段”中的要點(diǎn)。