作戰(zhàn)篇 NO.3:
故用兵之法,十則圍之,五則攻之,倍則戰(zhàn)之,敵則能分之,少則能逃之,不若則能避之。
故小敵之堅,大敵之擒也。
這句啥意思:
所以,在實際作戰(zhàn)中運用的原則是:我十倍于敵,就實施圍殲,五倍于敵就實施進攻,兩倍于敵就要努力戰(zhàn)勝敵軍,勢均力敵則設(shè)法分散各個擊破之。兵力弱于敵人,就避免作戰(zhàn)。
所以,弱小的一方若死拼固守,那就會成為強大敵人的俘虜。
英文這么說:
It is the rule in war, if our forces are ten to the enemy's one, to surround him; if five to one,toattack him; if twice as numerous, to divide our army into two. If equally matched, we can offerbattle;if slightly inferior in numbers, we can avoid the enemy;if quite unequal in every way, wecan flee from him.
Hence, though an obstinate fight may be made by a small force, in the end it must be capturedby the larger force.
《戰(zhàn)場上如何取勝》
在戰(zhàn)場上如何爭取“全勝”,孫子在以后幾篇中分類進行了精辟的論述。在本篇,他強調(diào)根據(jù)敵我兵力對比,兵力的多寡,采取不同的方法:“十則圍之,五則攻之,倍則分之,敵則能戰(zhàn)之,少則能逃之,不若則能避之。”就是講在敵我力量對比的三種情況(即我處于優(yōu)勢、勢均力敵、我居劣勢)下、要臨機應(yīng)變,用智謀取勝。如第二次世界大戰(zhàn)德軍以裝甲雄師一舉攻人波蘭,靠的就是有數(shù)倍于波蘭的強大軍力。