金融英語口語聽力教程第7課：美國金融制度(二)

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The American Financial System (2)

美國金融制度(二)

Situation 7

情景 7

Mr.Tanaka and the American banker continue their discussion of the financial and monetary system of the United States .

田中先生和美國銀行家繼續(xù)他們有關(guān)美國金融和貨幣制度的討論。

Tanaka:I suppose that means that for all practical purposes the Fed controls the state chartered banks ,too.

田 中：我想，這就意味著，為了實際需要，美國聯(lián)邦儲備系統(tǒng)也控制著各個州立銀行。

Banker:Yes,I would say that's correct .The Fed has the final authority on controlling the supply of money ,

銀行家：我年，是這樣的。美國聯(lián)邦儲備系統(tǒng)在控制貨幣發(fā)行方面有最終權(quán)威，

and that alone has a great impact on any bank .

并且單就這一點它也會對任何一個銀行產(chǎn)生巨大影響。

T:You said earlier that the Fed issues the main currency of the country .

田 中：以前，您講過美國聯(lián)邦儲備系統(tǒng)發(fā)行國內(nèi)主要貨幣，

Do you mean that there are several forms of currency?

您是說，還有其他幾種形式的貨幣同時存在嗎?

B:Historically ,there have been a number of different issues of currency .

銀行家：從歷史上看，這里有許多不同的貨幣發(fā)行渠道。

Some notes have been issued by the Treasury and some by the Fed .

一些貨幣是由財政部發(fā)生的，一些是由聯(lián)邦儲備銀行發(fā)行的。

Actually ,if you look carefully at the notes you have in your possession ,you 'll find some that say United States Note ,

實際上，您如果仔細察看您所擁有的紙幣，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，有些注明是美國的鈔票，

some that say Federal Reserve Bank Note and even some that say National Bank Note .

有些是聯(lián)邦儲備銀行的鈔票，甚至還有的是國家銀行的鈔票，

These are all forms of old issues that are gradually being retired from circulation.

這些都是舊的發(fā)行渠道，可這些鈔票正逐步地從流通領(lǐng)域中消失。

T:Therefore,the Federal Reserve Note is the main one today ?

田 中：因此，美國聯(lián)邦儲備銀行發(fā)行的鈔票是目前主要的貨幣形式。

B:Yes,that's right .It's what we call fiat money or currency without any gold or silver backing .

銀行家：是的，您說得對。這正是我們所說的沒有任何金或銀作為儲備根據(jù)所發(fā)行的紙幣或貨幣。

We all accept it as money because the government declares it to be money.

我們把它們當(dāng)作金錢，因為政府宣布它們是金錢。

T;Yes,that's the same as the situation in Japan .I think that's true in all modern nations today .

田 中：是的，日本的情況也是同樣如此。我想，當(dāng)今所有的現(xiàn)代國家也都是如此情況。

B:Yes,in paper currency as well as coinage .Modern coins are called token money for that reason .

銀行家：是的，無論是紙幣還是硬幣的發(fā)行都是照此辦理的，為此，現(xiàn)代硬幣被稱之為“輔幣”。