商務(wù)管理之公司結(jié)構(gòu)　Company Organization

公司結(jié)構(gòu)　Company Organization

公司無論大小，都會(huì)出于效率（efficiency）和責(zé)任的考慮，根據(jù)不同的任務(wù)將成員分成不同部分，從而形成自己的組織結(jié)構(gòu)。通常意義的公司組織包含普通員工、中級(jí)管理層和高級(jí)管理層。

普通工人（laborial staff）

普通工人指通過體力勞動(dòng)（physical labor）來完成工作的職員，掙取時(shí)薪（hourly）而非月薪（salaried），例如：建筑工人、維護(hù)保養(yǎng)工人、清潔工、電工、管道工、技術(shù)工人。

⊙Nearly 60%of all employees in our company are considered laborers.我們公司接近60%的員工是工人。

⊙The laborial staff is a very broad category of workers because it includes maintenance crews, janitorial staff, and many of the support services staff.

勞工所包含的工人類別很廣泛，包括維護(hù)保養(yǎng)員、門衛(wèi)和許多服務(wù)支持人員。

⊙We ought to remember the common workers, they do a lot of work that other people might not be willing to do.

我們不能忘了普通工人，他們所做的很多工作是別人不愿意做的。

⊙Hourly wages are not very high, but our laborers usually end up with a lot of overtime pay.

時(shí)薪不是很高，但是我們的工人通常有很多加班費(fèi)。

管理人員（management）

管理層致力于計(jì)劃（planning）、組織（organizing）、人事（staffing），領(lǐng)導(dǎo)（leading or directing）某組織完成目標(biāo)（accomplish desired goals and objectives）。體現(xiàn)在商業(yè)中，目標(biāo)就是盈利（make a profit）。為了有效地完成任務(wù)，管理人員需要充分利用資源（using resources），包含人力資源、財(cái)力資源、技術(shù)資源和自然資源。

⊙Company management includes all department heads and supervisors.公司的管理層包括各個(gè)部門的主管和監(jiān)督。

⊙A major part of the work a supervisor does is to make sure everything goes smoothly and to make sure everyone is doing their jobs.

監(jiān)督們的主要工作就是確保一切進(jìn)展順利，讓每位員工各司其職。

⊙If we didn't have managers, who would divvy up the work?

如果我們沒有管理人員，誰來分配工作？

⊙The management team is under a lot of pressure to get our numbers up this quarter.

管理團(tuán)隊(duì)因?yàn)橐ＷC本季度的盈利而面臨著巨大壓力。

⊙What are the average salaries for mid-management positions?

中層管理人員的平均工資是多少？

高級(jí)管理層（executive branch）

首席執(zhí)行官（Chief Executive Officer，即CEO）：首席執(zhí)行官負(fù)責(zé)企業(yè)的整體運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，并向董事會(huì)和董事長報(bào)告。行政總裁的職責(zé)在于執(zhí)行（implement）董事會(huì)決定，在高級(jí)管理人員的協(xié)助下確保企業(yè)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)（smooth operation）。行政總裁常被任命為（designated）公司的最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，也是董事會(huì)重要成員。

運(yùn)營總監(jiān)（Chief Operations Officer，即COO）：負(fù)責(zé)企業(yè)的日常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，主要應(yīng)對(duì)市場、銷售、生產(chǎn)和人力資源，比行政總裁更多地深入實(shí)踐（hands-on），也要向行政總裁提供反饋（feedback）信息。運(yùn)營總監(jiān)被認(rèn)為是僅次于行政總裁的副手（senior vice president）。

財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)（Chief Financial Officer，即CFO）：直接對(duì)行政總裁負(fù)責(zé)，負(fù)責(zé)財(cái)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)的分析和審核、匯報(bào)財(cái)務(wù)狀況、準(zhǔn)備預(yù)算、對(duì)支出和成本（expenditures and costs）進(jìn)行監(jiān)督。財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)被要求定期（regular intervals）向董事會(huì)和股東監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)，包括證券交易管理所[the Securities and Exchange Commission（SEC）]等，提供財(cái)務(wù)信息。

A：Can you tell me a little more about your company organization?

B：The first tier is our executive branch, which includes the CEO, COO, CFO, and the board of directors.

A：你能否再告訴我一些有關(guān)貴公司的組織情況？

B：第一層是我們的高級(jí)管理層，包括首席執(zhí)行官、運(yùn)營主管、財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)和董事會(huì)。

A：Besides making the most money, what does the CEO do anyway?

B：The CEO makes everything go smoothly. He's personally responsible for the success of the company.

A：首席執(zhí)行官除了掙錢最多以外，他到底都做些什么？

B：首席執(zhí)行官須確保一切順利運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，并對(duì)公司的成功發(fā)展負(fù)責(zé)。

Tom Kennedy is the new CEO for our company.

Tom Kennedy是我們公司新任首席執(zhí)行官。

董事會(huì)（board of directors）

董事會(huì)由選舉或被任命的人員（elected or appointed members）所組成，對(duì)企業(yè)和組織的行為進(jìn)行監(jiān)督，也常被稱作理事會(huì)、執(zhí)行委員會(huì)等（board of governors or executive board）。董事會(huì)成員的職責(zé)如下：

通過制定政策和目標(biāo)來管理企業(yè)或組織。

選舉、任命主要高級(jí)管理人員。

確保財(cái)政資源合理運(yùn)用。

評(píng)審?fù)ㄟ^預(yù)算。

監(jiān)督企業(yè)業(yè)績，維護(hù)股東利益。

⊙How many people are on the board of directors?

董事會(huì)有多少人？

⊙The board of directors is made up of experts in the industry；we rely on them to give us guidance, long-term planning, and vision.

董事會(huì)由業(yè)內(nèi)的專家組成，我們要靠他們給予相關(guān)指導(dǎo)、長遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃和制定目標(biāo)。

⊙Our board meets monthly, quarterly, or biannually, depending on the needs of the company.

我們董事會(huì)根據(jù)公司的要求，每個(gè)月、每季度或者每半年開一次會(huì)。

⊙Mr.Andrews has accepted his appointment to be Chairman of the board.Andrews先生剛接受了作為董事會(huì)主席的任命。

總結(jié)

“事半功倍”還是“事倍功半”？有時(shí)候完全取決于排列組合是否得當(dāng)，能否將整體力量發(fā)揮到極限，體現(xiàn)在企業(yè)里就是結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理，任務(wù)劃分是否科學(xué)，部門協(xié)作是否有效，人員配合是否默契。無論是高級(jí)管理人員還是普通工人，各盡其責(zé)，結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢充分體現(xiàn)，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)整體效率和利益的最大化。

Words　單詞表

branch分支，分公司

category種類，類別，分類

CEO首席執(zhí)行官，行政總裁，總經(jīng)理

CFO首席財(cái)務(wù)官，財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)

company profile公司簡介

COO首席運(yùn)營官，營運(yùn)總監(jiān)

executive執(zhí)行董事，總經(jīng)理，行政長官

expert專家，專家小組

guidance指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)

hourly每小時(shí)的

management管理，經(jīng)營

pretty相當(dāng)，十分，非常

quarterly季度的

salary薪酬，月薪

success成功，成就，勝利

tier層，層級(jí)

wage工資，報(bào)酬

Phrases　短語表

a little more更多一點(diǎn)兒

accept an appointment接受任命

be personally responsible for sth親自負(fù)責(zé)（某事）

divvy up分發(fā)，分配

go smoothly順利，順利進(jìn)行

depend on取決于，由……來決定

know（sb）well很了解（某人）

get numbers up盈利

nice guy好人，好家伙

in the first place首先，起初

take a look看下，瞅下

make money掙錢，賺錢

rely on依賴，仰仗

under pressure承受壓力，在……壓力下

實(shí)景對(duì)話1

A：Can you tell me a little more about your company organization?

B：Sure. Here, take a look at our company profile.The first tier is our executive branch, which includes the CEO, COO, CFO, and the board of directors.

A：Besides making the most money, what does the CEO do anyway?

B：The CEO makes everything go smoothly. He's personally responsible for the success of the company.Tom Kennedy is the new CEO for our company.He's a pretty nice guy.I know him well because I'm on the board.

A：Are you serious?I didn't know that. How many people are on the board of directors?What do you have to do to get on in the first place?Who's the chairman?

B：The board of directors is made up of experts in the industry. There are 12 of us.The company relies on us to give us guidance, long-term planning, and vision.Our board meets monthly, quarterly, or biannually, depending on the needs of the company.Mr.Andrews has just accepted his appointment to be Chairman of the board.

A：Is this your first time serving on a board of directors?It must be very exciting.

B：Well, the management team is under a lot of pressure to get our numbers up this quarter, so it is a bit stressful.

A：你可以再告訴我一些關(guān)于貴公司的組織情況嗎？

B：當(dāng)然，請(qǐng)看這里有關(guān)我們公司的簡介。第一層是我們的高級(jí)管理層，包括行政總裁、運(yùn)營總監(jiān)、財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)和董事會(huì)。

A：除了賺錢最多以外，行政總裁到底都做哪些？

B：行政總裁必須確保一切順利運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。對(duì)于公司的成功發(fā)展，他需要親自負(fù)責(zé)。Tom Kennedy是我們的新任總裁。他人很好。我在董事會(huì)，所以很了解他。

A：真的嗎？我都不知道。董事會(huì)有多少成員？你一開始是怎么加入的？誰是主席??？

B：董事會(huì)成員是由本行業(yè)內(nèi)的專家組成，我們一共12人。公司依靠我們提供相關(guān)指導(dǎo)、制定長遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃和愿景。根據(jù)公司的需要，我們每周、每月、每季度或者每半年碰一次頭。Andrews先生剛剛接受了作為董事會(huì)主席的任命。

A：這是你第一次在董事會(huì)任職嗎？一定很興奮吧。

B：要保證本季度的盈利，管理團(tuán)隊(duì)肩負(fù)的壓力非常大，所以還是有一些緊張的。

實(shí)景對(duì)話2

A：What percentage of your company is made of up laborers?

B：Nearly 60%of all employees in our company are considered laborers.

A：Wow，60%. That seems like a lot.Do you pay your workers well?What's the average hourly wage for the laborers in your company?

B：Most of our laborers are not salaried. Hourly wages are not very high, but our laborers usually end up with a lot of overtime pay.60%may seem like a lot, but it's only because the laborial staff is a very broad category of workers because it includes maintenance crews, janitorial staffs, and many of the support service staffs.

A：So what about the remaining 60%?Is that just management then?

B：Yes. Company management includes all department heads and supervisors.Managers have more responsibility and more stress than the common workers.A major part of the work of a supervisor is to make sure everything goes smoothly and to make sure everyone is doing their jobs.

A：What are the average salaries for mid-management positions?Is it a lot more than the laborers?

B：To be honest, it is considerably more. But, we ought to remember the common workers, they do a lot of work that other people might not be willing to do.Laborers might not have as much responsibility or make as much money as the executive staff, but they are just as important.

A：你們公司的勞工構(gòu)成比例是多少？

B：我們公司接近60%的員工是工人。

A：哇，60%，好像不少。你們給工人的待遇好嗎？你們公司付給工人每小時(shí)的平均工資是多少？

B：我們大部分工人拿的不是月薪。計(jì)時(shí)工資不是很高，但是工人在加班費(fèi)上掙得不少。60%可能看上去挺多，但是因?yàn)閯诠に墓と祟悇e很廣泛，包含維護(hù)保養(yǎng)員、門衛(wèi)和許多的服務(wù)人員。

A：那其余的30%呢？都是管理層嗎？

B：是的，公司的管理層包括各個(gè)部門的主管和監(jiān)督。經(jīng)理們總是比普通工人肩負(fù)更多的責(zé)任，承受更多的壓力。監(jiān)督的主要工作是確保一切運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常，讓每位員工各司其職。

A：中層管理人員平均工資是多少？比普通工人高很多嗎？

B：老實(shí)說，是高出不少。但是別忘了普通工人做的很多工作可能是別人不愿意做的。工人們可能沒有高級(jí)管理員那么多的責(zé)任或那么多的報(bào)酬，但是他們也同樣重要。