2019年中央一號(hào)文件提出堅(jiān)持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展總方針

2月19日，新華社受權(quán)發(fā)布《中共中央 國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于堅(jiān)持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展做好“三農(nóng)”工作的若干意見(jiàn)》。

這份2019年的中央一號(hào)文件開(kāi)宗明義指出，

今明兩年是全面建成小康社會(huì)的決勝期，“三農(nóng)”領(lǐng)域有不少必須完成的硬任務(wù)。

This year and the next will mark a decisive period for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and quite a few tough tasks must be fulfilled in the fields relating to agriculture, rural areas and rural people.

必須堅(jiān)持把解決好“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題作為全黨工作重中之重不動(dòng)搖。

Unswerving efforts must be made to ensure that addressing the issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and rural people enjoy a central place on the work agenda of the CPC.

A sightseeing train carries visitors around Lujiacun village in Anji, Zhejiang province. [Photo by Fang Li/For chinadaily.com.cn]

中央一號(hào)文件(No. 1 central document)指中共中央每年發(fā)布的第一份文件(the first policy statement released by central authorities each year)。中共中央在2004年至2019年連續(xù)十六年發(fā)布以“三農(nóng)”(農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村、農(nóng)民)為主題的中央一號(hào)文件，強(qiáng)調(diào)了“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題(issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers)在中國(guó)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化時(shí)期“重中之重”的地位。

2019年中央一號(hào)文件要點(diǎn)如下：

鞏固發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村好形勢(shì)，發(fā)揮“三農(nóng)”壓艙石作用，為有效應(yīng)對(duì)各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)贏得主動(dòng)。

The country should consolidate the sound momentum for agricultural and rural development, capitalize on the role of agriculture, rural areas and rural people as the ballast stone, and win the upper hand in effectively handling risks and challenges.

深化農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，堅(jiān)決打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，充分發(fā)揮農(nóng)村基層黨組織戰(zhàn)斗堡壘作用，全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興，確保順利完成到2020年承諾的農(nóng)村改革發(fā)展目標(biāo)任務(wù)。

Work must be done to deepen agricultural supply-side structural reform, win the tough battle against poverty, give full play to the key role of rural primary-level Party organizations, and push forward rural vitalization in all respects, according to the document.In doing so, the country will ensure the fulfillment of goals and tasks for rural reform and development by 2020, it added.

咬定既定脫貧目標(biāo)，落實(shí)已有政策部署，到2020年確保現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下農(nóng)村貧困人口實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧、貧困縣全部摘帽、解決區(qū)域性整體貧困。

Existent policies will be fully implemented to ensure the country's poverty elimination targets being realized - to lift all its rural residents living below current poverty line out of poverty and eliminate poverty in all poor counties and regions by 2020.

特色產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧、易地扶貧搬遷、生態(tài)扶貧、金融扶貧、社會(huì)幫扶、干部人才等政策措施向深度貧困地區(qū)傾斜。

Focus will be put on providing assistance to areas of extreme poverty, via favorable policies ranging from major projects, poor resident relocation, finance and nurturing of talent.

著力解決突出問(wèn)題。持續(xù)開(kāi)展扶貧領(lǐng)域腐敗和作風(fēng)問(wèn)題專項(xiàng)治理。

The country vowed to solve prominent problems involving poverty reduction, and pledged consistent efforts to crack down on corruption and misconduct, according to the document.

保障重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品有效供給。確保糧食播種面積穩(wěn)定在16.5億畝，嚴(yán)守18億畝耕地紅線，到2020年確保建成8億畝高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田。

The document noted that the country will strive to ensure effective supply of major agricultural products. Efforts will be made to ensure that grain planting area remains steady at 1.65 billion mu (110 million hectares) and arable land area is kept above 1.8 billion mu, as well as develop 800 million mu of high-standard farmland by 2020.

調(diào)整優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。大力發(fā)展緊缺和綠色優(yōu)質(zhì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)，實(shí)施大豆振興計(jì)劃，實(shí)施奶業(yè)振興行動(dòng)。

It said the country will move to optimize agricultural structure, boost production of green agricultural products or those in short supply, and roll out plans to increase soybean planting and support dairy industry.

實(shí)施農(nóng)業(yè)關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)攻關(guān)行動(dòng)，推動(dòng)生物種業(yè)、重型農(nóng)機(jī)、智慧農(nóng)業(yè)、綠色投入品等領(lǐng)域自主創(chuàng)新。

The country vowed to step up breakthrough in key agricultural core technologies, and promote independent innovation in areas including biological breeding, heavy agricultural machinery, smart agriculture and green agricultural inputs.

加強(qiáng)“一帶一路”農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)際合作，主動(dòng)擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)緊缺農(nóng)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口，拓展多元化進(jìn)口渠道，培育一批跨國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)集團(tuán)。

The document also noted the country will enhance agricultural cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road, actively expand imports of agricultural products in short supply at home, diversify importing channels, and foster the development of multinational agricultural corporations.

扎實(shí)推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)，加快補(bǔ)齊農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境和公共服務(wù)短板，全面提升農(nóng)村教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、社會(huì)保障、養(yǎng)老、文化體育等公共服務(wù)水平。

Progress should be made to promote rural development as well as improve rural living environments and public services such as education, health care, social security, elderly care and culture.

實(shí)施村莊基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)工程。加強(qiáng)村內(nèi)道路建設(shè)。加快完成新一輪農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)改造。完善縣鄉(xiāng)村物流基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村污染治理和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。

The country will take measures to improve rural infrastructure including roads, grids and logistics network, as well as enhance pollution treatment and environmental protection.

發(fā)展壯大鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)，拓寬農(nóng)民增收渠道。

According to the document, the country will foster the development of rural industries and diversify channels to increase the income of farmers.

加快發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村特色產(chǎn)業(yè)。大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)。發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村新型服務(wù)業(yè)。實(shí)施數(shù)字鄉(xiāng)村戰(zhàn)略。

It stressed developing industries with local characteristics, modern agricultural product processing and new rural services. The country will also push forward a digital countryside strategy.

加強(qiáng)就業(yè)服務(wù)和職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，促進(jìn)農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力多渠道轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)和增收。

The country should improve employment services and vocational training to promote the employment of the rural labor force and increase their incomes, the document said.

鼓勵(lì)外出農(nóng)民工、高校畢業(yè)生、退伍軍人、城市各類人才返鄉(xiāng)下鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)，支持建立多種形式的創(chuàng)業(yè)支撐服務(wù)平臺(tái)，完善鄉(xiāng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)支持服務(wù)體系。

China will encourage rural migrant workers, college graduates, veterans and urban personnel to make innovations and start businesses in rural areas, and support the building of service platforms to encourage business startups.

加快構(gòu)建新型農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼政策體系。按照適應(yīng)世貿(mào)組織規(guī)則、保護(hù)農(nóng)民利益、支持農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的原則，抓緊研究制定完善農(nóng)業(yè)支持保護(hù)政策的意見(jiàn)。

Efforts will be stepped up to build a new policy system for agricultural subsidies, according to the document, which said the country would formulate and improve agriculture support and protection policies following principles that comply with World Trade Organization rules, protect farmers' interests and support agricultural development.

完善鄉(xiāng)村治理機(jī)制，保持農(nóng)村社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。抓實(shí)建強(qiáng)農(nóng)村基層黨組織，加強(qiáng)黨對(duì)“三農(nóng)”工作的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。

The document also covered policies to improve the rural governance mechanism to maintain rural harmony and stability, strengthen rural primary-level Party organizations, and enhance Party leadership on agricultural and rural affairs.