Wuzhizhou Island, off the coast of Sanya, Hainan province, is now a popular tourist attraction in the tropical paradise. [Photo by Xing Guangli/Xinhua]
The regulation requires any entity or individual wanting to develop uninhabited islands to first submit an application, development plans and project appraisal reports to the ocean authorities for review and approval.
單位或個人申請開發(fā)利用無居民海島,應(yīng)向省級海洋行政主管部門提出申請,并提交無居民海島開發(fā)利用申請書、具體方案和項目論證報告。
海南省要求,編制無居民海島(uninhabited islands)開發(fā)利用具體方案應(yīng)依據(jù)有關(guān)法律法規(guī)、規(guī)劃、技術(shù)標準和規(guī)范(in line with requirements of the central and provincial governments to cultivate ocean ecology),合理確定用島面積、用島方式和布局、開發(fā)強度等,集約節(jié)約利用海島資源;合理確定建筑物、設(shè)施的建設(shè)總量、高度以及與海岸線的距離(the heights of buildings and facilities, as well as their distance from the coastline should be reasonable),并實行海島保護措施,建立海島生態(tài)環(huán)境監(jiān)測站(點)(monitoring stations),防止廢水、廢氣、廢渣、粉塵、放射性物質(zhì)等對海島及其周邊海域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成破壞(wastewater, gas, residue, dust and radioactive substances must not damage the ecosystems of the islands and their surrounding waters)。
辦法明確,無居民海島開發(fā)利用的最高期限,參照海域使用權(quán)的有關(guān)規(guī)定執(zhí)行:
The regulation sets a limit of 15 years for aquaculture uses, 25 years for tourism and entertainment, 30 years for salt and mining industries, 40 years for public welfare purposes and 50 years for ports, shipyards and other construction projects.
養(yǎng)殖用島十五年;旅游、娛樂用島二十五年;鹽業(yè)、礦業(yè)用島三十年;公益事業(yè)用島四十年;港口、修造船廠等建設(shè)工程用島五十年。
辦法稱,無居民海島開發(fā)利用期限屆滿,用島單位或個人需要繼續(xù)開發(fā)利用的,應(yīng)當在期限屆滿兩個月前向海南省人民政府申請續(xù)期(apply for renewal)。準予續(xù)期的,用島單位或個人應(yīng)當依法繳納續(xù)期的無居民海島使用金(pay the lease fee)。未申請續(xù)期或申請續(xù)期未獲批準的,無居民海島開發(fā)利用終止。
【背景知識】
2010年3月1日,中國《海島保護法(Island Protection Law of the People's Republic of China)》出臺,明確規(guī)定無居民海島(uninhabited islands)屬國家所有,由國務(wù)院代表國家行使無居民海島所有權(quán)(uninhabited islands belong to the state, and the State Council shall exercise the ownership of uninhabited islands on behalf of the state),凡是無居民海島開發(fā)利用,都必須報經(jīng)省級人民政府或者國務(wù)院批準并取得海島使用權(quán)、繳納海島使用金。
2011年4月12日,中國公布首批無居民海島開發(fā)名錄,這些無居民海島最長開發(fā)使用年限為50年。