新概念英語第三冊(美音版) A Puma at large

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Lesson 1
A Puma at large
逃遁的美洲獅
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
Where must the puma have come from?
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
New words and expressions 生詞和短語
puma
n. 美洲獅
spot
v. 看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)
evidence
n. 證據(jù)
accumulate
v. 積累，積聚
oblige
v. 使……感到必須
hunt
n. 追獵；尋找
blackberry
n. 黑莓
human being
人類
corner
v. 使走投無路，使陷入困境
trail
n. 一串，一系列
print
n. 印痕
cling
v. 粘
convince
v. 使……信服
somehow
adv. 不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因
disturb
v. 令人不安

美洲獅是一種體形似貓的大動物，產(chǎn)于美洲。當倫敦動物園接到報告說，在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時，這些報告并沒有受到重視?？墒牵S著證據(jù)越來越多，動物園的專家們感到有必要進行一番調查，因為凡是聲稱見到過美洲獅的人們所描述的情況竟是出奇地相似。搜尋美洲獅的工作是從一座小村莊開始的。那里的一位婦女在采摘黑莓時的看見“一只大貓”，離她僅5碼遠，她剛看見它，它就立刻逃走了。專家證實，美洲獅非被逼得走投無路，是決不會傷人的。事實上搜尋工作很困難，因為常常是早晨在甲地發(fā)現(xiàn)那只美洲獅，晚上卻在20英里外的乙地發(fā)現(xiàn)它的蹤跡。無論它走哪兒，一路上總會留下一串死鹿及死兔子之類的小動物，在許多地方看見爪印，灌木叢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了粘在上面的美洲獅毛。有人抱怨說夜里聽見“像貓一樣的叫聲”；一位商人去釣魚，看見那只美洲獅在樹上。專家們如今已經(jīng)完全肯定那只動物就是美洲獅，但它是從哪兒來的呢？由于全國動物園沒有一家報告丟了美洲獅，因此那只美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏豢養(yǎng)的，不知怎么設法逃出來了。搜尋工作進行了好幾個星期，但始終未能逮住那只美洲獅。想到在寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村里有一頭危險的野獸繼續(xù)逍遙流竄，真令人擔心。

學習詞匯時僅知道漢語語義是不夠的，要把單詞放在語句中體會其應用
學習關鍵句結構是則要把它放在段落結構或文章里

★puma
n. 美洲獅

★spot
v. 看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)
pick out,see,recognise,catch,sight of
spot=see : 強調結果、辨別出、看見、識別、發(fā)現(xiàn)
find : 強調發(fā)現(xiàn)的結果
find out：查出事實真相
discover：做出重大發(fā)現(xiàn)
notice：注意到
observe：觀察
watch：觀察活動中的人或畫面

A tall man is easy jto spot in the crowd.
He has good eye for spotting mistakes.

n. 斑點
There is a white spot on the shirt.
on the spot
1.立刻，馬上（at once ,immediately)
Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot.
2.at the place of the action 在現(xiàn)場
Wherever she is needed,she is quickly on the spot.

★evidence
n. 證據(jù)
不可數(shù)名詞
When the police arrived,he had already destroied the evidence.
evidence=proof
in evidence: 顯而易見的
He was in evidence at the party.
evidently ，evidently

★accumulate
v. 積累，積聚
強調積累的過程
As the evidence accumulates,experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate.
gather vt. 聚集，把某人召集在某處
collect 搜集，采集
assemble 集合，集會，vt.裝配
hoard vt. 大量的儲存
hoard up＝store up
amass 積聚（主要用于詩歌和文學作品）
The squirrel hoards up nuts for the cold winter

★oblige
v. 使……感到必須
feel obliged to do sth 感覺有必要做某事
be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事

★hunt
n. 追獵；尋找
run after 強調追趕、追求
seek/pursue 追尋
chase 追趕
hunt for
search 搜尋某處為了尋找到某人或某物

★blackberry
n. 黑莓

★human being
人類

★corner
v. 使走投無路，使陷入困境
n.角落
at the corner of the street
in the corner of the room
on the corner of the desk
經(jīng)常使用被動語態(tài)
The thief was cornered at last
The problem cornered me.

★trail
n. 一串，一系列
（vt.)trail：follow
The police trailed the criminal to the place where he was hiding

★print
n. 印痕

★cling
v. 粘
clung
She is always clinging to her mother.
He clung to the hope that he would succeed.
stick 粘??； stick to 堅持； sticky 粘的

★convince
v. 使……信服
convince sb.of sth.
和賓語從句that搭配使用
沒有賓語的情況下要采用主系表結構：be convinced

★somehow
adv. 不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因
by some means,in some way ,for some reason unknown
somewhat : a little

★disturb
v. 令人不安
disturbing: 令人不安的
disturbed: 感到不安的
exciting：令人激動的
excited：感到激動的

at large:逃遁的，沒有被控制的
詳細地（in detail)
總體來講（as a whole)
在英文的表達方式中，首先呈現(xiàn)給讀者的是結果
寫議論文的時候要注意把握觀點

Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia.
life-like: 栩栩如生的

一般來講定語從句和同位語從句緊隨在被修繕名詞后面，但為了保持句子平衡，也可以把謂語動詞放到從句之前

定語從句只是對于被修繕詞的補充說明、修繕；
同位語從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內容
定語從句的引導詞：
指人：主語who; 賓語who/whom; 定語 whose
表達事物：that（也可以指人）/which
時間狀語：when; 地點狀語：where; 原因狀語：why
同位語從句：名詞做主語、賓語等，關系詞用that而不是which
時間－when；地點－where
An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
I have no idea what has happened to him。
定語從句中沒有what這個關系詞，但它可以引導同位語從句

take sth.seriously :deal with sth.seriously
take sth.lightly

as: 隨著
過去分詞做定語
聲稱曾經(jīng)做過某事：claim to have done sth.

I still remember the school where I studied English.

confirm: be sure,be certain

search=hunt

把某物留在后面：leave behind

英文的表達方式重點在于突出客觀事實，而中文則善于運用動作的執(zhí)行者

complain of /about 抱怨

on + 名詞：強調動作正在進行
on the rise :在上升
on the increase: 在增加
on the watch: 在觀看
on the match: 在比賽中
on the fishing trip: 在釣魚的途中
on holiday: 在度假

fully: completely,entirely

in the possession of sb.=in sb.'s possession 歸某人所有
in possession of sth. 擁有某物
take possession of 擁有
The beautiful car is in my possession/in the possession of me
I am in possession of the beautiful car
The person in possession of the big house is excited.

It is disturbing to think that...

熟讀并背誦第一自然段

at large

take something seriously
cling to
leave behind
complain of
in the possession of/in possession of
feel obliged to investigate
a woman picking blackberries
a businessman on fishing trip
go on for several weeks
in the quiet countryside

1
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Exerises A
1. at/for
2. to
3. to
4. in
5. on

Exercises B
1. He is the man we have heard about so much.

2. The shelf you put those books on has collapsed

3.Whom did you receive a letter from?
Whom 不能省略
定語從句中Which以及指代人的做賓語的Whom,在非正式用法當中可以省略
省略時，介詞不能前置到關系代詞Whom,Which前，只能用于非固定的動詞短語后面
look at :注視
look for: 尋找，介詞不能前置
live in : 居住，介詞可以前置
This is the old house in which he lived.
This is the old house he lived in.

4.This is the road we came by?

5.Where is the pencil you were playing with?

【Supplementary Written Exercises】

要求陳述原因
1.Experts from the zoo felt obliged...
正確答案：D
in common-simliar

2.（A)只是一個具體的特定的事列，閱讀理解題的時候要把握中心大意
（B) large cat

3. (C) 答案正確
做理解題時要緊扣主題、緊扣中心大意
文章最后一句話總結了大意
句型結構題和詞匯題是關鍵

4. C選項正確 think
make－make somebody do,be made to do
在主動語態(tài)中不定式to的符號應該省略
被動語態(tài)中不定式to的符號必須補充完整

5.把say改成claim－People claimed to have seen the puma.
D正確－清楚的道明了動作發(fā)生的先后關系

6.與原句中的when意思要一致 when引導的時間狀語從句表示－...就
結構形式和as soon as相一致的——B答案正確
主動－On observing her,it immediately ran away.

7.unless--if...not/except on the condition that
when=if
except可以和名詞/名詞性從句進行搭配，也可是when/if引導的從句形式
D正確

8.must be只是對客觀現(xiàn)實的推測，時態(tài)不一致
D正確
情態(tài)動詞表達推測的語意概念時，對于過去事實推測一定要用情態(tài)動詞have以及過去分詞形式進行搭配

9.on more than-only within=not more than

10.in a corner 表示處于困境、尷尬的境地
B正確 in a trap 表示落于陷阱中
at an angle 表示彎曲的、不直的

11.B正確 fishes for pleasure

12.A正確 on his own=alone