囧研究：夜間室外光照易提高患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

Women who live in areas with higher levels of outdoor light at night may be at higher risk for breast cancer, according to a study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The link was stronger among women who worked night shifts.

哈佛大學(xué)陳曾熙公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的一項(xiàng)研究表示，那些在夜晚戶外光線較強(qiáng)地區(qū)生活的女性更容易患上乳腺癌。對(duì)于那些上夜班的女性來(lái)說(shuō)，這之間有著更緊密的聯(lián)系。

Previous studies have suggested that exposure to light at night may lead to decreased levels of the hormone melatonin , which can disrupt circadian rhythms—our internal “clocks” that govern sleepiness and alertness—and, in turn, lead to increased breast cancer risk.

先前的研究指出，晚上暴露于光線中可能會(huì)降低褪黑激素的含量，擾亂生理節(jié)奏，也就是我們身體內(nèi)部控制睡意和敏捷性的“生物鐘”，繼而增加罹患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

The new study, the most comprehensive to date to examine possible links between outdoor light at night and breast cancer, looked at data from nearly 110,000 women enrolled in the Nurses’ Health Study II from 1989-2013. The researchers linked data from satellite images of Earth taken at nighttime to residential addresses for each study participant, and also considered the influence of night shift work. The study also factored in detailed information on a variety of health and socioeconomic factors among participants.

迄今為止最全面的一項(xiàng)新研究針對(duì)1989年至2013年在護(hù)士健康研究II中登記的近110,000位女性的數(shù)據(jù)，調(diào)查了夜晚戶外燈光與乳腺癌之間可能存在的聯(lián)系。研究人員把地球夜間的衛(wèi)星圖像數(shù)據(jù)與每位研究參與者的住址聯(lián)系在一起，并考慮了夜班工作的影響。該研究還把參與者的健康以及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)等多種因素的詳細(xì)信息考慮在內(nèi)。

Women exposed to the highest levels of outdoor light at night—those in the top fifth—had an estimated 14% increased risk of breast cancer during the study period, as compared with women in the bottom fifth of exposure, the researchers found. As levels of outdoor light at night increased, so did breast cancer rates.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在這期間，那些在夜晚暴露于高強(qiáng)度光照下的女性(光照強(qiáng)度排在前五位)比那些在低光照環(huán)境下生活的女性(光照強(qiáng)度排在后五位)患上乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)估增加了14%。隨著夜晚戶外光照強(qiáng)度的增加，罹患乳腺癌的幾率也相應(yīng)上漲。

However, the association between outdoor light at night and breast cancer was found only among women who were premenopausal and those who were current or past smokers. In addition, the link was stronger among women who worked night shifts, suggesting that exposure to light at night and night shift work contribute jointly to breast cancer risk.

不過(guò)，夜晚戶外光照與乳腺癌之間的關(guān)聯(lián)只發(fā)現(xiàn)于那些絕經(jīng)前期的女性以及那些當(dāng)前或過(guò)去抽煙的女性。此外，對(duì)于那些上夜班的女性，這種聯(lián)系要更緊密一些，這表示，夜晚暴露于光照下與夜班工作可能會(huì)共同增加罹患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。