翻譯技巧:倍數(shù)的翻譯解析及經(jīng)典例句

倍數(shù)翻譯的陷阱很多，而且每個(gè)陷阱都是綿里藏針，針針見血，見血封喉!要想在倍數(shù)翻譯上不出錯(cuò)，除了基本的語(yǔ)法過關(guān)外，還要仔細(xì)檢查，認(rèn)真思考，一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小小的差異都有可能造成誤譯、錯(cuò)譯。所以，讓我們一起認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)鉆研數(shù)字翻譯、倍數(shù)翻譯的方法，攻克重重堡壘，到達(dá)勝利彼岸!

1.A是B的N倍大/長(zhǎng)……(或者A比B大/長(zhǎng)……N-1倍)

一般有以下兩種英語(yǔ)表達(dá)方法;

(1) A is N times as large/long (形容詞/副詞原形) as B.

Eg: Asia is four times as large as Europe.

(2) A is N times larger/longer(形容詞/副詞比較級(jí))than B.

Eg: Asia is four times larger than Europe.

(3) A is N times the size/length (形容詞/副詞的名詞形式) of B.

Eg: Asia is four times the size of Europe.

以上三句例句的中文翻譯均為：亞洲是歐洲的四倍大，或者亞洲比歐洲大三倍。

2. by 和to

(1) 動(dòng)詞+ by + 倍數(shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)/數(shù)詞

Eg: The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.

今年糧食產(chǎn)量增加了四倍。

(2) 動(dòng)詞+ to + 數(shù)詞

Eg: Last year profits rose to $201 million.

去年利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)到2億零100萬(wàn)美元。

3. by a factor of

詞組by a factor of 在《朗文雙解》中的解釋為"if something increases or decreases by a factor of N, it increases or decreases by N times."以N倍的系數(shù)增加或減少。這個(gè)解釋表達(dá)不是很明確，現(xiàn)在把它分成以下兩種情況來(lái)分析：

(1)表示增加含義時(shí)

Increase/grow...by a factor of N times 增加到N倍，或者增加了N-1倍

Eg: The output of diesel oil for farm use has been increased by a factor of five times these years.

這些年來(lái)，用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的柴油產(chǎn)量增加了四倍。

(2)表示減少含義時(shí)

Decrease/fall...by a factor of N times 減少到1/N，或者減少了(N-1)/N。

Eg: The production has decreased by a factor of three times as against 1977.

總產(chǎn)量減少到1977年的三分之一。