【雙語】例行記者會 2021年1月18日 華春瑩

喜歡口譯的同學，大多抱有一個外交官的理想，而雙語例行記者會上快節(jié)奏的你問我答及現(xiàn)場翻譯，則給我們提供了寶貴的學習資源。下面是小編整理的關于【雙語】例行記者會 2021年1月18日 華春瑩的資料，希望大家在這些唇槍舌劍中，提升英語，更熱愛祖國！

2021年1月18日外交部發(fā)言人華春瑩主持例行記者會

Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying’s Regular Press Conference on 18 January, 2021

央視新聞記者：15日，俄羅斯外交部發(fā)表聲明稱，美國去年退出《開放天空條約》嚴重破壞各締約方達成的利益平衡。俄為保持《條約》有效性就新條件下繼續(xù)履約提出具體建議，但未得到美盟國支持。俄宣布啟動退約國內程序。中方對此有何評論？

CCTV: The Russian foreign ministry issued a statement on January 15 that the U.S. withdrawal from the Open Skies Treaty last year significantly upended the balance of interests of signatory states, and that Moscow’s proposals to keep the treaty alive after the U.S. exit have been cold-shouldered by Washington’s allies. Moscow is now launching domestic procedural moves to withdraw from the pact. Can you comment on this?

 

華春瑩：我們注意到有關報道。據(jù)我所知，俄方啟動《開放天空條約》退約程序的直接原因，是美國不顧國際社會反對單方面退約在先，嚴重損害了相關國家間軍事互信和透明。俄方為挽救條約做出了努力，但是沒有得到美等締約方的積極回應。

Hua Chunying: We read reports on this. As far as I know, the direct cause of Russia starting the procedural moves to exit the Open Skies Treaty is that the United States unilaterally withdrew from the treaty despite international opposition, which has severely undermined military-to-military mutual trust and transparency between relevant countries. Russia made efforts to save the treaty without getting any warm response from the United States and other signatories.

 

近年來，美國固守冷戰(zhàn)思維，奉行“美國優(yōu)先”，接連“毀約退群”，對國際軍控與裁軍進程產(chǎn)生了嚴重消極影響。事實證明，單邊主義沒有出路，對話合作才有未來。中方呼吁美方正視國際社會關切，以實際行動維護全球戰(zhàn)略穩(wěn)定及國際和地區(qū)和平安全。

In recent years the United States has been pursuing a Cold-War mentality and championing “America first” while pulling out of multiple international agreements and organizations, leading to a very negative impact on the international arms control and disarmament process. As is proven by facts, a bright future can only be realized through dialogue and cooperation, not unilateralism. China calls on the United States to heed the concerns from the international community and take real actions to uphold global strategic stability as well as peace and security in the region and beyond.

 

深圳衛(wèi)視記者：王毅國務委員兼外長上周末結束了東南亞之行最后一站菲律賓的訪問回到北京。菲律賓外交部推特援引洛欽外長表態(tài)稱，王毅國務委員兼外長訪菲再次體現(xiàn)菲中之間牢固和多元的紐帶。你如何評價此訪成果？

Shenzhen TV: After visiting the Philippines, the last stop of his Southeast Asia trip, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi came back to Beijing last weekend. The Department of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines in a tweet quoted Foreign Secretary Locsin as saying that the visit demonstrates “yet again the strong and manifold ties that bind the Philippines and China”. How do you see the outcomes of this visit to the Philippines?

 

華春瑩：王毅國務委員兼外長這次對菲律賓的訪問非常成功。王毅國務委員接受媒體采訪時，把這次對菲律賓的訪問稱之為又一次交心之旅、合作之旅，具體概括為五個“心”：首先是牢記中菲友好的初心，其次是展現(xiàn)合作抗疫的真心，三是提振經(jīng)濟復蘇的信心，四是堅定妥處分歧的決心，五是拉近相知相親的民心。

Hua Chunying: The visit was a complete success. As State Councilor Wang Yi said in a media interview, it is a trip of heart-to-heart exchange and cooperation, which can be summarized in five aspects: first, renew the long-standing friendship; second, show good faith in jointly fighting COVID-19; third, boost confidence in economic recovery; fourth, reiterate resolution to properly handle differences; fifth, strengthen people-to-people bond.

 

訪問期間，王毅國務委員會見了杜特爾特總統(tǒng)，同洛欽外長舉行會談，并同菲律賓前總統(tǒng)阿羅約共同出席“中國—菲律賓馬尼拉論壇”啟動和“中菲相知獎”設立儀式。中方宣布向菲律賓提供一批疫苗，支持兩國企業(yè)開展疫苗采購合作，履行習近平主席將疫苗作為全球公共產(chǎn)品的承諾。正如杜特爾特總統(tǒng)說的那樣，中方在自身需求很大的情況下向菲律賓提供疫苗幫助，體現(xiàn)了中國對菲律賓的真摯情意。雙方宣布啟動兩國必要人員往來“快捷通道”，簽署了經(jīng)濟技術合作協(xié)定，為中國銀行菲律賓人民幣清算行揭幕?！爸袊坡少e馬尼拉論壇”的啟動和“中菲相知獎”的設立也將鼓勵兩國民眾多走動、多交往，讓更多人成為共同促進中菲友誼的同行者。在南海問題上，洛欽外長表示，南海問題只是兩國關系寬闊大道上的一塊孤石，雙方一致認為決不能讓1%的分歧影響99%的大局。雙方同意推進海上油氣合作，為破解歷史遺留的問題找到順應時代的方案。

During the visit, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with President Duterte, held talks with Foreign Secretary Locsin, and attended together with former president Arroyo the launching ceremony of the Manila Forum for China-Philippines Relations and the Award for Promoting Philippines-China Understanding. China announced its decision to provide a batch of vaccines to the Philippines and to support companies of the two sides in entering into procurement cooperation, steps taken in implementing President Xi Jinping’s pledge to turn vaccines into a global public good. Just as President Duterte said, China is helping the Philippines with vaccines despite the great demand at home, showing its sincere friendship with the Philippines. The two sides announced the launch of a fast track for essential travel, signed an agreement on economic and technological cooperation, and attended the ceremonial launch of the Bank of China Manila as the renminbi (RMB) Clearing Bank of the Philippines. The launch of the Manila Forum and the Award for Promoting Philippines-China Understanding will encourage the two peoples to visit each other more often and contribute to bilateral friendship through more exchanges. On the South China Sea, as Secretary Locsin put it, the South China Sea issue is just a lone pebble in the broad avenue of bilateral relations. The two sides should by no means allow the dispute, which only accounts for one percent of overall relations, to affect the rest 99 percent. Both agreed to advance oil and gas cooperation and to look for a solution in keeping with the times to address the difficulties left over from history.

 

中菲共同攜手走過了不平凡的2020年，共同經(jīng)受住了風雨的考驗。站在2021年新的起點，中方愿同菲方一道，堅定沿著兩國元首共同規(guī)劃的方向前進，以共同抗擊疫情和促進經(jīng)濟復蘇為主線，深化“一帶一路”同“大建特建”規(guī)劃對接，拓展各領域務實合作，為中菲全面戰(zhàn)略合作關系打造更多成果。

China and the Philippines have lived through an eventful year in 2020, standing together through rain or shine. As 2021 begins, we stand ready to work with the Philippines to forge ahead along the course charted by our heads of state. We will focus on jointly fighting COVID-19 and promoting economic recovery, seek greater synergy between the BRI and the Build, Build, Build program, expand practical cooperation in various areas, and deliver more outcomes with our comprehensive strategic cooperative relationship.

 

韓聯(lián)社記者：文在寅總統(tǒng)在新年記者招待會上稱，中國是韓國最大的貿易伙伴，將努力促成習近平主席早日訪韓，中方對此有何評論？

Yonhap News Agency: President Moon Jae-in said at his New Year press conference that China is the ROK’s largest trading partner and he would work towards an early visit to the ROK by Chinese President Xi Jinping. Do you have a comment?

 

華春瑩：我們注意到文在寅總統(tǒng)有關積極表態(tài)。中韓關系經(jīng)受住了疫情考驗，展現(xiàn)出了強大韌性和活力。去年11月王毅國務委員兼外長訪問了韓國，雙方達成了十項共識。作為韓國的戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴，中方愿意同韓方一道遵循兩國元首的戰(zhàn)略引領，增進互信和友好，深化各領域合作，推動中韓戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關系不斷邁上新臺階。

Hua Chunying: We have noted the positive remarks by President Moon Jae-in. China-ROK relations have stood the test of COVID-19 and demonstrated strong resilience and vitality. In November 2020, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi visited the ROK, during which the two sides reached consensus in ten aspects. China and the ROK are strategic cooperative partners. We stand ready to work together with the ROK to follow the strategic guidance by our heads of state, enhance mutual trust and friendship, deepen cooperation in various sectors, and elevate our partnership to new highs.

 

元首外交作為高層交往的最重要形式，對于雙邊關系的發(fā)展具有不可替代的作用。中韓雙方一直就包括高層往來在內的各領域交往合作保持著密切溝通。

Heads of state diplomacy, as the most important form of high-level exchange, plays an irreplaceable role in the development of bilateral relations. The Chinese and the ROK sides maintain close communication on exchange and cooperation in various areas including high-level exchanges.

 

澎湃新聞記者：美國國務卿蓬佩奧昨日連發(fā)幾十條推特，歷數(shù)自己過去幾年在對華問題上的所謂“功績”，在香港、新疆、人權、涉疫、中國政治制度等一系列問題上大肆攻擊指責中國，中方對此有何回應？

The Paper: U.S. Secretary of State Pompeo posted dozens of tweets yesterday, recounting his “l(fā)egacy” on China-related issues over the years and launching a full-on barrage at China over Xinjiang, human rights, COVID-19, and its political system. Would you like to respond to his tweets?

 

華春瑩：這位以“撒謊、欺騙、偷竊”為榮的美國首席外交官再次讓世人見識了什么是“將謊言外交進行到底”的“末日瘋狂”。對于蓬佩奧不斷炮制并散播的政治病毒和政治謊言，中方已經(jīng)多次用事實一一戳穿。他的反華表演沒有市場、更不得人心。蓬佩奧的“謊言外交”不僅使他的個人信譽徹底破產(chǎn)，而且對美國的國家形象和國家利益造成了難以挽回的損害。相信歷史將對他作出公正的審判。

Hua Chunying: This top U.S. diplomat who prides himself on “l(fā)ying, cheating and stealing” is determined to explore every corner of his “Lying Diplomacy”. What an extraordinary show of “Last-day Madness”. To the political viruses and lies he created and spread, China has laid them bare with solid facts. His anti-China show finds no audience and wins no hearts. Pompeo’s “Lying Diplomacy” has not only bankrupted his own reputation but also rendered irreversible damage to the national image and interests of the United States. History will not fail us in delivering a just verdict on this person.

 

在我們看來，蓬佩奧吹噓的所謂“功績”，恰恰是他為一己之私利不斷干涉中國內政、破壞中美關系、損害中國利益和美國利益的罪證，這一點世人看得非常清楚。我注意到很多媒體作出了評論。比如說，有美國媒體報道評論，“蓬佩奧在卸任前一直進行嘩眾取寵的不體面活動，他的推特賬戶上到處是政治口號以及自我吹噓的成就，他自私自利的表演有可能變得致命”。他自己的家鄉(xiāng)堪薩斯州媒體社論認為，“他的任期使世界眼中的美國‘充滿了悲傷、憤怒和憐憫’，蓬佩奧離職后，美國會更好”。還有一些其他國家媒體，如泰國《曼谷郵報》評論稱，“當被擊敗的軍隊撤退時，如果有時間，他們會在路上埋設地雷。這就是蓬佩奧現(xiàn)在所做的”。還有美國媒體一針見血地指出，“現(xiàn)在蓬佩奧正在忙著燒毀每一座橋”。所以世界對蓬佩奧“末日瘋狂”的真實意圖及其后果看得非常清楚。

The so-called “l(fā)egacy” he brags about is the very evidence to prove his guilt in meddling in China’s domestic affairs, undermining China-U.S. relations and damaging the American interests for his selfish gains. This is clear for all to see. There have been many media commentaries on this. For example, as an American opinion piece pointed out, “Mike Pompeo has been engaged in an unseemly campaign of grandstanding on his way out of office, littering his official Twitter account with political slogans and boasts of his accomplishments. Now, his self-serving theatrics are threatening to turn lethal.” He was also fiercely criticized this week by the editorial page of his home state Kansas which said his tenure had resulted in the world seeing the United States “with a mixture of sorrow, anger and pity.” “America will be better when he leaves office”. Media in other countries, like Bangkok Post also commented that “when defeated armies are retreating, they always lay mines behind them if they have time. That’s what Mike Pompeo has been doing”. As aptly pointed out by some U.S. media, Pompeo is leaving no bridges unburned. His real purpose as well as the consequences couldn’t be clearer.

 

越南之聲記者：前幾天中國海關總署數(shù)據(jù)顯示，越南已超過德國和澳大利亞，成為中國世界上第六大貿易伙伴。你對此有何評論？另外，今天正好是中越建交71周年紀念日，你對兩國關系下個階段有何期待？

Voice of Vietnam: According to data released by the General Administration of Customs of China, Vietnam has overtaken Germany and Australia and become China’s sixth largest trading partner. Do you have a comment on this? Also today marks the 71st anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Vietnam. What’s your expectation for bilateral relations in the next stage?

 

華春瑩：我們對中越經(jīng)貿關系發(fā)展取得這樣的成績感到高興。越南是中國非常重要的鄰國，又都是社會主義國家。中方高度重視發(fā)展同越南的關系，真誠希望在雙方共同努力下，中越關系會越來越好，包括經(jīng)貿合作在內的各領域合作都能產(chǎn)生更多互利共贏的成果，使兩國人民更多受益。

Hua Chunying: We are certainly much delighted to see the progress in China-Vietnam economic and trade ties. Vietnam is China’s important neighbor and a fellow Socialist country. We attach high importance to relations with it and sincerely hope that with the concerted efforts of the two governments and peoples, this relationship will continue to grow and flourish and bilateral cooperation in all sectors, including trade, will produce more mutually-beneficial results to the benefit of both peoples.

 

《北京日報》記者：美國國務卿蓬佩奧1月15日發(fā)表聲明稱，為回應香港警方近日逮捕50多名民主派人士，美國務院根據(jù)有關總統(tǒng)行政令，對6名中國中央政府和香港特區(qū)政府官員實施制裁。中方對此有何回應？

Beijing Daily: U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said in a statement on January 15 that in response to the arrests of 50-plus pro-democracy politicians and activists by Hong Kong’s police, the State Department imposes sanctions on six PRC Central Government and Hong Kong SAR officials pursuant to a presidential executive order. Can you comment on this?

 

華春瑩：美方有關行徑公然插手香港事務，粗暴干涉中國內政和中國司法主權，嚴重違反國際法和國際關系基本準則，中方對此堅決反對、強烈譴責。

Hua Chunying: China firmly rejects and strongly condemns the U.S. practice as it is blatant interference in Hong Kong affairs, China’s internal affairs and judicial sovereignty, and a serious violation of international law and basic norms governing international relations.

 

香港是法治社會，法律面前人人平等。有法必依，違法必究，是法治的基本要求。我們堅定支持香港特區(qū)有關部門依法打擊違法犯罪活動，維護法律權威，捍衛(wèi)國家安全。

The Hong Kong SAR is a society with rule of law, where all people are equal before the law. It is a basic requirement that laws must be observed and those who violate the law must be held accountable. We firmly support the SAR authorities in fighting criminal activities and upholding the authority of the law and national security.

 

針對美方錯誤行徑，中方已經(jīng)決定對在涉港問題上表現(xiàn)惡劣、負有主要責任的美國行政部門官員、國會人員、非政府組織人員及其直系親屬實施對等制裁。

In response to the U.S. wrong behaviors, China has decided to impose reciprocal sanctions on U.S. officials of the executive branch, people of Congress and NGOs who behaved egregiously and bear major responsibilities on Hong Kong-related issues, as well as their immediate family members.

 

我要再次強調，香港是中國的香港，香港事務純屬中國內政。美方必須立即停止插手香港事務，立即停止打著各種幌子干涉中國內政、危害中國國家安全，不要在錯誤和危險的道路上越走越遠。

I must stress once again that Hong Kong is part of China, and its affairs are purely China’s internal affairs. The United States must immediately stop pursuing double standard, stop meddling with Hong Kong affairs, or interfering in China’s internal affairs and undermining China’s national security under various pretexts, so as to avoid going further down the wrong and dangerous path.

 

《北京青年報》記者：美方近日在涉臺問題上采取了放松美臺交往限制等行動。中方表示將采取一切必要措施堅決維護自身主權安全利益，美方必將為其錯誤行為付出沉重代價。請問中方有何具體措施？

Beijing Youth Daily: The United States also took measures on relaxing restrictions on U.S.-Taiwan relations. China said it would take all necessary measures to safeguard sovereignty and security interests and the United States would pay a heavy price for its erroneous behaviors. Is there any update on the measures that China is going to take?

 

華春瑩：鑒于美方錯誤行徑，中方已經(jīng)決定對在臺灣問題上表現(xiàn)惡劣的美負責官員實施制裁。

Hua Chunying: In light of the U.S. erroneous behaviors, China has decided to impose sanctions on the U.S. officials who bear major responsibilities and acted egregiously with regard to Taiwan.

 

英國廣播公司記者：現(xiàn)在中國官方媒體越來越多地報道“新冠肺炎疫情多地多點暴發(fā)”。請問在缺乏科學證據(jù)、世衛(wèi)組織“調查”才剛剛開始的情況下，中方為何推動這一敘事？

BBC: There’s more coverage today in Chinese state media about what China calls the multiple origins of the virus theory. Can you tell us why China is promoting this narrative in the absence of scientific evidence and with the WHO inquiry into the origins barely just begun?

 

華春瑩：你提這個問題本身就是對中國抱有成見。中國媒體為什么不可以報道？難道英國媒體沒有報道嗎？英國媒體是不是還報道了去年9月份就出現(xiàn)了變異病毒，可是英國政府12月才通報的有關消息。澳大利亞、意大利，還有一些其他國家是不是也都有報道前年秋天新冠肺炎疫情在世界多地多點發(fā)生的情況，而且有關時間線還在不斷提前。這些難道不是事實嗎？

Hua Chunying: Your question reveals your prejudice against China. Why can’t the Chinese media report on this? The British media have reported on these stories, haven’t they? They also broke news on a variant of the coronavirus last September, though the British government did not make any official announcement until December. Reports have emerged from Australia, Italy and many more that the coronavirus was found in multiple places in the autumn of 2019, and the timeline for the first outbreak is being updated constantly. Aren’t these all facts?

 

為什么別的國家媒體可以報道，而中國媒體就不可以報道呢？你想說明什么問題呢？而且你也看到了，對于同世衛(wèi)組織開展溯源合作，中方一直本著公開、透明、負責任的態(tài)度。早在去年2月和7月，中方在國內疫情防控任務特別繁重的情況下，就已經(jīng)兩次邀請世衛(wèi)組織專家來華開展溯源合作。世衛(wèi)組織專家，包括緊急項目負責人最近都公開表示病毒溯源是科學而不是政治，尋找答案是為了未來的安全，科學以外的目的無助于科學研究。有關科學研究的目的，就是要就人畜傳播的路徑找到科學的答案，避免類似的流行病再次危及人類社會。中方的開放合作，大家都看得非常清楚。但為什么有的其他國家沒有像中國這樣同世衛(wèi)組織開展密切合作？

Many media are reporting on these news. Why can’t the Chinese media? What are you implying with your question? China has been open, transparent and candid in conducting origin-tracing cooperation with WHO. When we were still facing an arduous anti-epidemic task domestically, we invited WHO experts in for relevant international cooperation last February and July. WHO experts, including the director for Health Emergencies Programme, have said recently that origin-tracing is about science, not politics; we are looking for answers to ensure the safety of the future; anything other than the scientific purpose will not help advance scientific study. The purpose of relevant studies is to find a scientific answer for the introduction of the virus from the animal hosts to mankind and to prevent similar pandemics from endangering the human society. China’s openness and cooperation can be seen by all. But why haven’t other countries conducted such close cooperation with WHO like China?

 

《環(huán)球時報》記者：1月14日，美國常駐聯(lián)合國代表團官方網(wǎng)站公布了一段美國常駐聯(lián)合國代表克拉夫特面向臺灣學生的視頻致辭，克拉夫特在視頻中宣稱美國在聯(lián)合國等場合支持臺灣在全球舞臺上發(fā)揮作用。中方對此有何評論？

Global Times: On January 14, the Permanent Mission of the United States to the United Nations released on its official website a video of remarks to students in Taiwan by the U.S. Ambassador to the UN Kelly Craft. Speaking from the UN General Assembly Hall, Craft said: “It is here, and in other UN venues, where the United States makes clear its support for a role for Taiwan on the global stage.” What is your comment?

 

華春瑩：中國常駐聯(lián)合國代表團發(fā)言人已經(jīng)就美國常駐聯(lián)合國代表涉臺錯誤言行發(fā)表了談話。我要強調的是，世界上只有一個中國，臺灣是中國領土不可分割的一部分。事實已經(jīng)并將繼續(xù)表明，任何挑戰(zhàn)一個中國原則、分裂中國的圖謀都不會得到聯(lián)合國廣大會員國支持，注定會遭到失敗。

Hua Chunying: Spokesperson of the Permanent Mission of China to the UN already made comments on the wrong words and deeds on the Taiwan Question by the US Permanent Representative to the UN. There is but one China in the world. The Taiwan region is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory. As facts have proven and will continue to prove, attempting to challenge the one-China principle and separating China will not get the support from the vast majority of the UN membership and is doomed to fail.

 

有意思的是，經(jīng)向聯(lián)合國方面核實，聯(lián)合國大會廳1月14日沒有舉行任何會議，秘書處也沒有批準任何國家當天在大會廳舉辦任何活動。克拉夫特是濫用自己作為會員國常駐聯(lián)合國代表的權利，潛入大會廳“擺拍”了這段視頻。

It is worth noting that as verified by the United Nations, no meeting was held in the General Assembly Hall on January 14, and the UN Secretariat gave no approval to any country to hold any event in the Hall on the same day. Clearly, the video was made as Craft sneaked into the Hall and posed for the camera, abusing her right as the US Permanent Representative to the UN.

 

中國民間有句話：只有你想不到，沒有他做不來?？死蛱刈跃幾詫ё匝莸倪@出鬧劇實在是荒唐可笑，令人不齒。

In China we say “the things one person is capable of are beyond your wildest imagination”. This farce staged and acted out by Craft is equally preposterous and contemptible.

 

英國廣播公司記者：你剛才提到了世界上關于新冠病毒起源有不同的說法。不只是中國媒體進行報道宣傳，中國高級官員也作了有關表態(tài)。因此，我想請你澄清一下，“病毒并非起源于中國”是否是中國官方立場？

BBC: You mentioned the different theories being discussed in many places around the world, but can I ask you just for clarification because it’s not just Chinese media, but also senior officials, that have spoken about this. Is it now China’s official position that this virus did not start in China?

 

華春瑩：你很會演繹。我們已經(jīng)無數(shù)次說過，中國政府的官方立場是，溯源問題是一個非常嚴肅的科學問題，應該由科學家和醫(yī)學專家在基于事實的基礎上得出科學結論。這是中方一貫的正式立場。

Hua Chunying: That’s quite some deduction work to arrive at a far-fetched conclusion. As we’ve repeatedly made it clear, the Chinese government’s official position is that origin-tracing is a most serious scientific issue. We should rely on scientists and medical experts to arrive at a conclusion based on science and facts. This is our consistent and official stance.

 

我倒是想提醒你注意，在針對中國的問題上，包括英國廣播公司在內的一些西方媒體是非常不公正的。既然這是一個嚴肅的問題，世衛(wèi)組織專家組還在進行這方面的科學考察，那么為什么之前有那么多針對中國的陰謀論？就在這幾天，我們又見到了美國個別反華政客有關病毒跟中國武漢病毒研究所有關的陰謀論，那么你們英國廣播公司是什么立場？當英國媒體自己報道英國去年9月份就出現(xiàn)了變異病毒的時候，你們進行了怎樣的報道？這些是事實吧？這些不可能是所謂“中國宣傳”吧？媒體報道要基于事實，這才具有生命力。

I would rather draw your attention to the appalling injustice of BBC and some other western media on issues about China. Since it’s a matter of science and the WHO experts to China are still conducting their research, then why were there so many conspiracy theories against China? Jus