初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全：冠詞

冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒(méi)有詞義，它用在名詞的前面幫助指明名詞的含義。冠詞分為不定冠詞a(an)和定冠詞the兩種。不定冠詞僅用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面，表示“一”的意義，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目觀念，只表示名詞為不特定者。定冠詞則表示名詞為特定者，表示“這”、“那”、“這些”、“那些”的意思，在可數(shù)的單復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前面都可以用。

I 不定冠詞

We need an apple and a knife.

我們需要一個(gè)蘋(píng)果和一把刀子。

1.a和an的區(qū)別

不定冠詞有a[+]和an[+Q]兩種形式，a用于輔音(不是輔音字母)開(kāi)頭的詞前。an用于元音(不是元音字母)開(kāi)頭的詞前。

a boy, a university, a European country

u是元音字母，但發(fā)音是[U(]，是輔音。

an hour ，an honor ，an island

h是輔音字母，但它不發(fā)音，它的音標(biāo)是是元音。

an elephant， an umbrella， an egg

2(1)不定冠詞的用法

①泛指—類(lèi)人或物。

eg. This is a pencil case.

②指不具體的某個(gè)人或物。

eg. I met an old man On my way home.

③用在序數(shù)詞前,相當(dāng)于another.

eg. There’s a third boy near the shop.

④表示“每—(個(gè))”,相當(dāng)于every.

eg. They have music lessons twice a week.

必背!

give a lesson take a bath have a rest

教(一堂)課 洗(個(gè))澡 休息

have a talk have a fever have a good time

聽(tīng)報(bào)告 發(fā)燒 過(guò)得愉快

have(take)a walk have a headache have a nice trip

散步 頭疼 旅途愉快

a lot of, a lot, a little, a few, a glass of, such a/an, have a word with, have a look, have a try, have a swim, a quarter, half an hour, three times a day, have a talk, give a talk, ten Yuan a kilo

(2)不定冠詞的位置

①不定冠詞—般放在所修飾的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。

eg, a bike, an egg

②當(dāng)名詞被such, what, many修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞放在這些詞之后。

eg.It took me half an hour to finish my homework.

He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door.

What a dangerous job it is!

Many a man has gone to the big cities for work.

③當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞前有so, how, too等詞時(shí)，不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞之后。

Eg. She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station.

How nice a film this is!

④當(dāng)名詞前面有形容詞和quite, rather, very時(shí)，不定冠詞放在quite, rather之后,very之前。

eg.It is quite a good book.

That is rather a useful too1.

This is a very interesting story.