小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之否定句

其實(shí)，小學(xué)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)中也有語(yǔ)法的部分，當(dāng)然小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的掌握絕不可死記硬背，更多的是以背誦為主，讓學(xué)生們?cè)跐撘颇姓莆照Z(yǔ)法規(guī)則，下面是小編整理的關(guān)于小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之否定句的資料，希望對(duì)你有所幫助!

否定句：

表示否定的句子。必須有否定詞。

否定句的構(gòu)成形式：

a. 謂語(yǔ)為be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，“be+not "一名學(xué)生。

b. 謂語(yǔ)為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞而且沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，“do/ does/ did+not"構(gòu)成否定。

例：I do not like dancing. 我不喜歡跳舞。

He does not want to go to school. 他不想去上學(xué)。

c. 謂語(yǔ)為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”時(shí)，“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not”構(gòu)成否定。

例：You must not smoke. 你千萬(wàn)不要吸煙。

I can not catch it. 我抓不住它。

否定句在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中可以分為九類：

（1）一般否定句

I don't know this. No news is good news.

There is no person（smoking）/not a person/not any person（smoking）in the house.

（2）特指否定

He went to his office, not to see him.

I am sorry for not coming on time.

I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.

（3）部分否定

All the answers are not right

All is not gold that glitters

I don't know all of them.

I can't see everybody/everything.

Both of them are not right.

（4）全體否定

None of my friends smoke.

I can see nothing/nobody.

Neither of them is right.

Nothing can be so simple as this.

（5）延續(xù)否定

You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.

You don't know, I don't know either.

He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of（更不用說(shuō)）French.

（6）半否定句

We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.

I know little English. I saw few people.

（7）雙重否定

You can't make something out of nothing.

What's done cannot be undone.

There is no sweet without sweat.

No gain without pains.

I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.

No man is so old but（that）he can learn.

（8）排除否定

Everyone is ready except you.

He did nothing but play.

But for your help, I couldn't do it.

（9）加強(qiáng)否定

I won't do it at all.

I can't see it any more.

He is no longer a boy.

否定轉(zhuǎn)移的形式與用法：

一、動(dòng)詞的否定轉(zhuǎn)移

1.形式上否定主句的謂語(yǔ)，實(shí)際上是否定從句的謂語(yǔ)

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為沒(méi)有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它們的否定式實(shí)際上是對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的否定。

表示說(shuō)話者提出一種委婉的看法或主張。如：

I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我認(rèn)為它不會(huì)幫助我們。

I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)。

I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜歡它。

2. 形式上否定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，實(shí)際上否定復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為沒(méi)有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它們前面的否定式實(shí)際上是對(duì)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的否定。表示說(shuō)話者所提出的一種委婉的看法或主張。如：

I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)不難。

I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我認(rèn)為這個(gè)故事沒(méi)有趣。

I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我認(rèn)為不會(huì)。

二、動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情況下，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移：

1.這些動(dòng)詞跟其他另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞一起做并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他將不會(huì)那樣做。

I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我覺(jué)得并且也承認(rèn)我們并不愚蠢。

2.用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

Do you think it is not going to rain? 你認(rèn)為天不會(huì)下雨嗎？

Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 難道你不相信他做了一件好事？

3.用作插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不會(huì)生你的氣。

Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想湯姆不會(huì)反對(duì)。

Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我認(rèn)為邁克沒(méi)有看這場(chǎng)電影。

4.動(dòng)詞前有其他副詞修飾時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的確不認(rèn)為我們有必要去那兒。

I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我強(qiáng)烈地認(rèn)為他不應(yīng)該做那樣的事。

5.動(dòng)詞為非一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或主語(yǔ)不是第一人稱時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。

I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以為他不會(huì)回來(lái)得這么快。

She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它變成了一個(gè)好孩子。

He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他認(rèn)為他不適合這件工作。

He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我們告訴他的事是真的。

6.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句中含的否定為“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他對(duì)那一點(diǎn)也不知道。

I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我認(rèn)為如果你想把這門語(yǔ)言學(xué)好，那么只記單詞是不夠的。

I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信當(dāng)你在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得第一名時(shí)你會(huì)情不自禁地唱起國(guó)歌來(lái)。

7.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句中含“no”、“nothing”、“nobody”、“nowhere”、“hardly”、“seldom”、“little”、“few”等否定詞或半否詞時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放棄。

I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我認(rèn)為如果這艘船沉入海底的話，那么誰(shuí)也逃不掉。

I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一個(gè)言語(yǔ)不多的人。