Realize Modern Olympics 認識現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運動會
1 奧林匹克
The Olympic Games are a major international event featuring summer and winter sports, in which thousands of athletes participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games have come to be regarded as the world's foremost sports competition. The Games are currently held every two years, with Summer and Winter Olympic Games alternating, although they occur every four years within their respective seasonal games. Since 2008, host cities are contracted to manage both the Olympic and the Paralympic Games, where athletes who have a physical disability compete. The Paralympics are held immediately following their respective Olympic Games. Originally, the ancient Olympic Games were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 5th century AD. Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894. The IOC has since become the governing body of the Olympic Movement, whose structure and actions are defined by the Olympic Charter.
The Olympic Movement consists of international sports federations(IFs), National Olympic Committees (NOCs), and organizing committees for each specific Olympic Games. As the decision-making body, the IOC is responsible for choosing the host city for each Olympic Games. The host city is responsible for organizing and funding a celebration of the Games consistent with the Olympic Charter. The Olympic program, consisting of the sports to be contested at the Games, is also determined by the IOC. The celebration of the Games encompasses many rituals and symbols, such as the Olympic flag and torch, as well as the opening and closing ceremonies. There are over 13,000 athletes that compete at the summer and summer Olympics in 33 different sports and nearly 400 events. The first, second, and third place finishers in each event receive gold, silver, and bronze medals, respectively.
The Games have grown in scale to the point that nearly every nation is represented. Such growth has created numerous challenges, including boycotts, doping, bribery of officials, and terrorism. Every two years, the Olympics and its media exposure provide unknown athletes with the chance to attain national, and in particular cases, international fame. The Games also constitute a major opportunity for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world.
2 奧林匹克運動會通用的體育表達方式
manage 經(jīng)紀人
instructor 教練,技術指導
guide 領隊
trainer 助理教練
referee,umpire (網(wǎng)球.棒球)裁判
linesman,touchjudge (橄欖球)裁判
contestant,competitor,player 運動員
professional 職業(yè)運動員
amateur 業(yè)余運動員,愛好者
enthusiast,fan 迷,愛好者
favourite 可望取勝者 (美作:favorite)
outsider 無取勝希望者
championship 冠軍賽,錦標賽
champion 冠軍
record 紀錄
record holder 紀錄創(chuàng)造者
ace 網(wǎng)球賽中的一分
Winter Olympics 冬季奧林匹克運動會
stadium 運動場
奧林匹克運動會(簡稱奧運會)是國際奧林匹克委員會主辦的包含多種體育運動項目的國際性運動會,每四年舉行一次。奧林匹克運動會最早起源于古希臘,因舉辦地在奧林匹亞而得名。奧林匹克運動會現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了和平與友誼的象征。
At the beginning of sports globalization, sports were mainly spread from developed to developing countries.
體育運動全球化的初期,體育運動主要由發(fā)達國家向發(fā)展中國家傳播。
The new structure of international sports cooperation is the embodiment of modem competitive sports globalization.
國際體育合作新格局是現(xiàn)代競技體育全球化的體現(xiàn)。
The modern Olympics is the micro-reflection of modern competitive sports globalization.
現(xiàn)代奧運會是現(xiàn)代競技體育全球化的縮影。
The globalization of sports for all is accelerating under the effect of Olympic sports.
受奧林匹克運動的影響,大眾體育全球化趨勢正在加速進行。
Sports globalization and sports industry globalization promote each other.
體育運動全球化與體育產(chǎn)業(yè)全球化相互促進。
The reason for sports globalization is:scientific and technological development, political conflicts and the rapid development in mass media.
體育運動全球化的主要原因是:科技發(fā)展、政治對立以及傳播媒介的飛速發(fā)展。
The meaning and the values of the Olympic Spirit are conveyed by symbols:among these are the rings, the motto and the flame.
奧林匹克主義的意義與價值可以從一些標志反映出來,其中包括五環(huán)、口號和圣火。
These symbols transmit a message in a simple and direct manner and they give the Olympic Movement and the Games an unique identity.
這些標志用最簡單直接的方式傳達出一個信息,它們成為了奧林匹克運動和奧運會的標識。
The five rings represent the five continents.
五環(huán)代表五大洲。
They are interlaced to show the universality of the Olympic Spirit and the meeting of the globe's athletes of the whole world during the Olympic Games.
它們互相交錯表示奧林匹克主義的普適性,也表示奧運會期間全世界的運動員歡聚一堂。
On the Olympic flag, the rings appear on a white background.
在奧林匹克會旗上,五環(huán)出現(xiàn)在白色的背景之上。
At the Olympic Games, the flag is brought into the stadium during the opening ceremony.
在奧運會上,奧林匹克會旗在開幕式時帶進體育場。
The Olympic motto is made up of three Latin words:Which means:FASTER - HIGHER - STRONGER
奧林匹克口號由三個拉丁單詞組成,意思是"更快、更高、更強"。
The sense of the motto is that being first is not necessarily a priority, but that giving one's best and striving for personal excellence is a worthwhile goal.
口號的含義是成為第一并不是必須的,盡自己最大努力去為個人的卓越而奮斗才是有價值的目標。
The Olympic flame is one of the best-known features of the Games.
奧林匹克圣火也是奧運會最著名的特色之一。
From the moment the flame is lit to the moment it goes out, a very precise ritual is laid down:The lighting-The relay route-Arrival at the stadium.
從圣火點燃的時刻到它熄滅的時刻,會進行一個非常精確的儀式:圣火點燃-火炬接力-到達主體育場。
In memory of the origins of the Olympic Games, the flame is lit in Olympia Greece, some months before the opening of the Games.
為了紀念奧運會的起源,圣火要在運動會開始幾個月前在希臘的奧林匹亞點燃。
The Olympic flame can only be lit by the sun's rays.
圣火只能用太陽光點燃。
The first games were held in Olympia to celebrate zeus'victory against his father.
第一次奧運會在奧林匹亞舉行是為了紀念宙斯在比武中戰(zhàn)勝了他的父親。
No war was allowed until the games were over.
奧運會結束之前,戰(zhàn)爭是不允許發(fā)生的。
The ancient Olympic Games were a symbol of peace and friendship at the beginning.
古奧運一開始就是一個和平和友誼的象征。
The dove and the olive branch become the symbols of peace.
鴿子和橄欖枝成為和平的象征。
The summer Olympics consists of 28 sports with 38 disciplines. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.
夏季奧林匹克運動會包括28個大項,38個小項。國際奧組委(IOC)設置了這些運動的等級、科目以及項目。
For example swimming and water polo are disciplines of the sport Aquatics. In their turn, disciplines can be subdivided into events, for which medals are actually awarded.
比如游泳和水球都是水上運動的分項。而它們分別又可以再分為各個小項,獎牌其實是授予小項運動的贏家的。
Jacob:Leo, I look for you a long time.
雅各布:Leo,我找你找了好久!
Leo:What's the matter?
里昂:有什么事兒嗎?
Jacob:I have something to consult you "Olympic expert".
雅各布:我有些問題想向你這個"奧運通"請教一下。
Leo:You are flattering me. Seriously now, what do you want to know?里昂:別恭維我了。說正經(jīng)的,你想知道什么呢?
Jacob:Could you introduce me to the history of the Olympics?
雅各布:你給我介紹一下奧運會的歷史怎么樣?
Leo:Sure. In 1888, a Frenchman Mr. Baronde-
里昂:當然可以。1888年,法國人伯恩德先生--
Jacob:No, no. I want to know something about the ancient Olympics.
雅各布:不是,不是。我想知道一些關于古奧運會的知識。
Leo:I'm sorry I didn't hear clearly just now.
里昂:對不起,我剛才沒聽清。
Jacob:Well, I'll say it again. Something about the ancient Olympics.
雅各布:好吧,我再說一次。關于古奧運會的。
Leo:The ancient Olympics was originated in ancient Greece.
里昂:古代奧運會起源于古希臘。
Jacob:Why do people name it like this?
雅各布:為什么叫奧運會?
Leo:It got its name from the place of the host Olympic.
里昂:因為舉辦地點在奧林匹亞而得名。
Jacob:Who was the founder?
雅各布:誰是創(chuàng)始人?
Leo:It is said that Hercules, son of Zeus, originated the ancient Olympic Games.
里昂:傳說古代奧運會的創(chuàng)辦者是宙斯的兒子,大力神大力英雄。
Jacob:But why did the ancient Greek organize such games?
雅各布:為什么古希臘人要舉辦這樣的運動會呢?
Leo:At that time, there were always wars between city-states in ancient Greece.
里昂:當時古希臘的各個城邦之間經(jīng)常交戰(zhàn)。
Jacob:So they wanted to cease fire through this.
雅各布:因此他們想通過奧運會來消除戰(zhàn)爭。
Leo:That is true.
里昂:是的。