外國(guó)人最想和你聊的文化話題：孔子與儒家

     Confucius said that harmony was important.
     孔子主張"和為貴"。
     Many basis values of the Chinese are well explained in the Analects of Confucius.
     中國(guó)人許多基本價(jià)值觀念在孔子的《論語(yǔ)》中得到很好的闡述。
     Confucius was not only a great educator but also a well-known thinker.
     孔子不僅是偉大的教育家，也是著名的思想家。
     As Confucius said, "People who do not think far enough ahead inevitably have worries near at hand. "
     孔夫子說(shuō)過(guò)："人無(wú)遠(yuǎn)慮，必有近憂。"
     All his students he taught patiently and systematically according to their individual innate abilities. In the book Confucius' Precepts to his Family, there is the story of how he once tried to make his student Zilu see the importance of learning.
     孔子實(shí)行因材施教，循循善誘的教學(xué)方法，《孔子家語(yǔ)》上，記載著他啟發(fā)學(xué)生子路認(rèn)識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)重要性的故事。
     Confucius advocated the importance to love other people.
     孔子大力鼓勵(lì)人要好好地去愛(ài)人。
     Confucius (Kong Zi) is one of China's greatest thinkers and educationists.
     孔子是中國(guó)最偉大的思想家、教育家之一。
     Confucius is respected by most Chinese as the greatest teacher of all time.
     孔子被許許多多中國(guó)人尊為自古以來(lái)最偉大的老師。
     According to Confucius, benevolence means courtesy, loyalty and unselfishness.
     根據(jù)孔子的說(shuō)法，仁的意思就是禮貌、忠貞以及無(wú)私。
     The teachings of Confucius tell us to be humble.
     孔子教導(dǎo)我們要謙虛。
     The greatest disciple of Confucius, Meng Kb (370 BC-290 BC), better known by his Latinized name, Mencius, expounded Confucianism about 200 years after the death of Confucius.
     孔子最偉大的繼承者是孟珂(公元前約370-公元前約290年)，他的拉丁語(yǔ)名--孟子更是聞名于世。他在孔子死后200年左右詳細(xì)地闡釋了儒教的道義。
     After Confucius' death in 479 BC, his students collected his sayings in the Lun Yu ( The Analects).
     公元前479年孔子死后，其弟子將他的言論編輯成《論語(yǔ)》一書(shū)。
     After the death of Confucius in 479 BC, his fame spread.
     孔子死于公元前479年，死后他的聲名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)四方。
     Qufu County is Confucius' home town where the old man ran a school for many years and trained a good number of capable disciples, a fact that is quite well known.
     曲阜縣是孔夫子的故鄉(xiāng)，他老人家在這里辦過(guò)多少年的學(xué)校，教出了許多有才干的學(xué)生，這件事是很出名的。
     In Chinese, the three are collectively called San Kong wherein san means three and Kong is the surname of Confucius in Chinese.
     在中文里，人們把這三個(gè)（孔廟、孔府、孔林）稱為"三孔"，"三"的意思是三個(gè)，"孔"是孔子的姓。
     It was important for a man to study, taught Confucius, not merely to gain knowledge but rather to improve his character.
     孔子曾教導(dǎo)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)是十分重要的，不但能夠獲得知識(shí)，而且還能提高自己的品行。
     Innately conservative, Confucius was fascinated by the last of these disciplines.
     由于生性保守，孔子特別推崇"禮"。
     Confucius said："Isn't it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned? "
     子曰："學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之，不亦說(shuō)乎？"
     Confucius said："Reviewing what you have learned and learning anew, you are fit to be a teacher."
     子曰："溫故而知新，可以為師矣。"
     Confucius was a great thinker of the past.
     孔子是一位偉大的先哲。
     In Confucius' opinion, teaching could be done either by advice or by example. In particular, a king must set a good example to his people.
     孔子認(rèn)為，教育可以分為言傳和身教，君主特別要身體力行做其臣民的表率。
     Now, more and more Chinese and foreigners start studying Confucian culture.
     現(xiàn)在，越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)人和外國(guó)人開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)儒家文化。
     The thoughts of using rites and music to educate people received plenty of explanation among works of later Confucian scholars.
     禮樂(lè)教化思想在后世儒家學(xué)說(shuō)中得到了充分的表述。
     Mencius was the most famous scholar of the Confucian School after Confucius.
     孟子是我國(guó)古代繼孔子之后最著名的儒家學(xué)者。
     The most obvious feature of the Confucian culture structurally is ethic centrality.
     儒家文化在結(jié)構(gòu)上最大的特點(diǎn)是倫理中心主義。
     Ancient people-oriented doctrines are often associated with the Confucian School.
     一提到古代民本主義，人們往往會(huì)把它與儒家聯(lián)系起來(lái)。