央行下調(diào)“基準(zhǔn)利率”：是時(shí)候釋放流動(dòng)性了嗎？（中級(jí)）

中國(guó)人民銀行周四宣布，6月8日開(kāi)始人民幣存貸款基準(zhǔn)利率分別下調(diào)0.25個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。這是自2008年12月以來(lái)中國(guó)中央銀行首次下調(diào)基準(zhǔn)利率，三年來(lái)，央行五次上調(diào)利率吸收資金流動(dòng)性。

先看相關(guān)英文報(bào)道：

The People's Bank of China (PBOC), the central bank, announced Thursday it would cut the benchmark interest rate for deposits and loans by 25 basis points beginning Friday. This was the first time that China's central bank cut the benchmark rates since December 2008, after which it has raised the rates for five times to drain liquidity.

分析：

上述報(bào)道中，“benchmark interest rate”的意思是“基準(zhǔn)利率”，也可說(shuō)成“base rate”?；鶞?zhǔn)利率是金融市場(chǎng)上具有普遍參照作用的利率，其他利率水平或金融資產(chǎn)價(jià)格均可根據(jù)這一基準(zhǔn)利率水平來(lái)確定。在中國(guó)，基準(zhǔn)利率以中國(guó)人民銀行對(duì)國(guó)家專業(yè)銀行和其他金融機(jī)構(gòu)規(guī)定的存貸款利率為準(zhǔn)。

今年5月中旬，中行人民銀行也下調(diào)了存款類金融機(jī)構(gòu)人民幣存款準(zhǔn)備金率0.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。具體了解“存款準(zhǔn)備金率”>>>

一些相關(guān)詞匯：

The People's Bank of China(PBOC) 中國(guó)人民銀行

drain liquidity 吸收流動(dòng)性

release liquidity 釋放流動(dòng)性

assets price 資產(chǎn)價(jià)格

例句：

Once the base rate gets close to zero, interest-rate cuts no longer works, however chillythe economic outlook.

一旦基準(zhǔn)利率接近零，不管經(jīng)濟(jì)前景如何冷淡，都無(wú)法再繼續(xù)采取降息舉措了。

China issued the bonds not so much because it needs the money, but to help set benchmark rates for other issuers to compare themselves against.

中國(guó)此次發(fā)行債券主要并不是因?yàn)槿卞X，而是為其它債券發(fā)行方確立了一個(gè)可以參考的基準(zhǔn)利率。

As widely expected, the Bank of Korea left its benchmark interest rate on hold at 4.5 per cent as it waited to gauge the impact of Monday's test.

正如外界廣泛預(yù)計(jì)的那樣，韓國(guó)央行將其基準(zhǔn)利率維持在4.5%，以便有更多時(shí)間評(píng)估周一試驗(yàn)的影響。