先看相關(guān)英文報(bào)道:
China's outstanding external debt in 2011 totaled more than $751 billion by the end of March, the highest since 1985, according to data released by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Tuesday. The proportion of short-term debtalso rose to a record high. The total debt went up by 8.1 percent from the $695 billion three months earlier.
分析:
上述報(bào)道中的英文“external debt”意為“外債”,另一說法是或“foreign debt”。外債,或稱對(duì)外債務(wù),是一個(gè)國(guó)家所擁有的、債權(quán)人為外國(guó)的債務(wù)。債務(wù)人可以是政府,企業(yè)或私人。債權(quán)人可以是私人商業(yè)銀行,其他政府或國(guó)際金融機(jī)構(gòu)如國(guó)際貨幣基金組織和世界銀行。中國(guó)雖然外債很多,但經(jīng)常免除一些國(guó)家的債務(wù)。這與中國(guó)幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家和第三世界國(guó)家的對(duì)外政策有關(guān),同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)了我們國(guó)家作為聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。
一些相關(guān)詞匯:
the State Administration of Foreign Exchange 國(guó)家外匯管理局
short-term/long-term debt 短期債務(wù)
International Monetary Fund (IMF) 國(guó)際貨幣基金組織
creditor 債權(quán)人
例句:
Its weak infrastructure, lack of development finance and heavy burden of external debtaffect the improvement of its investment climate and independent development capacity.
基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施薄弱、發(fā)展資金匱乏、外債負(fù)擔(dān)沉重影響著投資環(huán)境的改善,制約著自主發(fā)展能力的提升。
In external debt, we have reduced our overweight position in the high-beta credits to aneutral stance.
海外債券方面,我們將高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)債券的評(píng)級(jí)從加碼調(diào)降至中性。
Government increased public spending, privatized enterprise, and neglected to service the nation’s external debt.
政府?dāng)U大了公共投資,擴(kuò)大了私有化規(guī)模,并拒絕償還外債。