315. The challenges include the fact that most people can expect to spend a third of their lives in retirement, that there are now more people over 59 than under 16 and that 11.3 million people are over state pension age.
譯文
這些挑戰(zhàn)包括一個(gè)事實(shí),即大多數(shù)人一生中預(yù)計(jì)有三分之一的時(shí)光將在退休狀態(tài)中度過,目前59歲以上的人比16歲以下的人要多,而超過國家養(yǎng)老金領(lǐng)取年齡的人數(shù)有1130萬之多。
點(diǎn)睛
本句的主干為the challenges include the fact,三個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是fact的并列的同位語從句。expect意為“預(yù)料,期待”;比較結(jié)構(gòu)more...than...比較了59歲以上以及16歲以下人群的數(shù)量;pension意為“退休金,養(yǎng)老金”。
考點(diǎn)歸納
spend,cost,take都可以表示“花費(fèi)”,但用法卻不盡相同:
spend的主語是人,常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):spend time/money on sth./(in) doing sth. 在……上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢。如:
I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。
They spent several years (in) building this museum. 建造該博物館花了他們幾年的時(shí)間。
cost的主語是物或某種活動(dòng),表示“花費(fèi)(某人)(金錢或時(shí)間)”。如:
A new computer costs a lot of money. 買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。
Remembering these new words cost me a lot of time. 我花了大量時(shí)間才記住這些單詞。
It takes sb. some time to do sth.以及doing sth. takes sb. some time都可以表示“做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間”。如:
It took them three years to build this road. 他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。
Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一整個(gè)下午修車。