法律詞匯學(xué)習(xí)注解（一）

　　A類囚犯

　　=prisoners who are dangerous, and would be a danger to the public if they escaped from prison. 越獄后將對公眾造成危險的重罪犯

　　2、abandonment

　　放棄(自愿放棄某項權(quán)利，如財產(chǎn)權(quán))

　　= act of giving something up voluntarily (such as the right to a property)

　　abandonment of a claim = giving up a claim in a civil action.

　　放棄索賠(在民事訴訟中放棄一種要求權(quán))

　　abandon做動詞是“遺棄”的意思：

　　e.g. Abandoning a child under two years old is a notifiable offence. 遺棄兩歲以下兒童是一種嚴(yán)重的犯罪行為。

　　3、abeyance 　 中止，暫緩

　　e.g. This law is in abeyance. 此法暫緩執(zhí)行。 = This law is not being enforced at the present time.

　　4、ABH

　　= actual bodily harm 　 實際人身傷害

　　5、abode

　　= residence, the place where someone lives 　 居住地，住所 right of abode = right to live in a country. 居住權(quán)(在一個國家的居住權(quán))

　　6、abolish

　　= to cancel or to remove (a law or a rule) 　 廢除、撤回(廢止或廢除法律或規(guī)定)

　　e.g. The Chancellor of the Exchequer refused to ask parliament to abolish the tax on alcohol. 財政大臣拒絕讓議會廢除對烈性酒的征稅。

　　7、abscond

　　= to go away without permission or not to return to the court after being released on bail or to escape from prison.

　　潛逃、失蹤(擅自逃走或保釋后不回到法庭或越獄逃走)

　　e.g. He was charged with absconding from lawful custody. 他被指控從合法監(jiān)護(hù)人那里逃走。

　　8、absolute

　　= complete or total 　 無條件的，絕對的

　　absolute discharge = letting a convicted person go free without any punishment. 無條件釋放

　　absolute title = land registered with the Land Registry, where the owner has a guaranteed title to the land (absolute title also exists to leasehold land, giving the proprietor a guaranteed valid lease) 絕對的不動產(chǎn)所有權(quán)(指在土地登記處登記的土地，其所有人對土地享有 被擔(dān)保的所有權(quán)。租借土地也享有絕對所有權(quán)，它給予物主一個有擔(dān)保的 有效租借權(quán)。)

　　9、abstain

　　= to refrain from doing something(especially voting) 　 棄權(quán)，克制做某事(尤其指不投票)

　　e.g. Sixty MPS abstained in the vote on capital punishment. 在表決死刑時，60位下議院議員棄權(quán)。

　　10、abuse

　　= using something wrongly 　 濫用(錯誤的使用)

　　abuse of power = using legal powers in an illegal or harmful way. 濫用權(quán)力(用非法或有害的方法使用合法的權(quán)力)

　　abuse of process = suing someone in bad faith or without proper justification or formalicious reasons. 濫用訴訟程序(惡意地，在沒有合適司法程序情況下或帶惡意地起訴某人)