原 文:
They were shy of the 50% of the vote they need.
原 譯:
他們因為需要得到50%的選票而難為情。
辨 析:
原譯顯然邏輯上講不過去,需要得到50%的選票(也許才能當選)是法律的規(guī)定,不可能使他們感到“難為情”。(be) shy of是一個短語,其意思是從shy的原意“難為情”引申出來的,意思為“害怕”或“有疑心”,例如:This made him shy of going out at night again.(這[件事]嚇得他再也不敢在晚上出去。)又如:He became shy even of a shadow.(他變得甚至連影子都害怕。)(很有點“杯弓蛇影”的意思。)但是be shy of還有一個意思,即“缺少”、“不足”,原來是俚語,現(xiàn)在正式文體中也用,尤其在報刊文章中,如:This house is shy of a bathroom. 這房子缺少一個衛(wèi)生間。其實,shy本身已有不足的意思,如新版的American Heritage College Dictionary對shy的第4個定義就是short,lacking。還有一個例句: Eleven is shy of a dozen.(十一比一打少一。)
所以原文的確切意思是:他們沒有能得到所需要的50%的選票。當然,這個意思還可以用別的說法表示,例如:The votes they got did not reach the 50% they needed.或They still needed some votes to reach the 50% they were supposed to get.
英語中有許多表示數(shù)量“不足/不夠”的說法,如:lack of, not enough, insufficient, inadequate, be / come / fall / run short of, less than, wanting等,可根據(jù)不同上下文選用,但也不限于以上說法,比如“他們真的缺少時間/時間不夠”也可以譯為:They were really pushed / pressed for time.(學好英語的一個重要標志是會用不同的方式表達同一個意思。)
不過從這一句隱含的事實來看,他們倒是應該感到難為情的,因為他們沒有能得到50%的選票。但是這里用shy不如用ashamed, embarrassed等詞,例如可以說:They cringed with embarassment as they didn't get the 50% of vote they needed.