英語四級閱讀，作為大學(xué)英語能力的重要評估指標，不僅檢驗了學(xué)生對詞匯、語法的掌握，更考察了其閱讀理解和信息篩選的能力。在全球化背景下，提升這一能力對于拓寬視野、增進跨文化交流至關(guān)重要。今天，小編將分享2021年6月大學(xué)英語四級閱讀真題以及答案（卷一），希望能為大家提供幫助！
Section A
Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passrge through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Most animals seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degrees Fahrenheit.But for the Saharan silver ant, 26 from their underground nests into the sun's brutal rays to 27 for food,this is the perfect time to seek lunch.In 2015 these ants were joined in the desert by scientists from two Belgian universities,who spent a month in the 28 heat tracking the ants and digging out their nests.The goal was simple,to discover how the 29 adapted to the kind of heat that can 30 melt the bottom of shoes.
Back in Belgium,the scientists looked at the ants under an electronic microscope and found that their 31 ,triangular hair reflects light like a prism(棱鏡),giving them a metallic reflection and protecting them from the sun's awful heat.When Ph.D.student Quentin Willot 32 the hair from an ant with a 33 knife and put it under a heat lamp,its temperature jumped.
The ants'method of staying cool is 34 among animals.Could this reflective type of hair protect people?Willot says companies are interested in 35 these ants'method of heat protection for human use,including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keeping homes cool in summer.
A)adapting F)hun K)species
B)consciously G)literally L)specimens
C)crawling H)moderate M)thick
D)crowded I)remote N)tiny
E)extreme J)removed O)unique
答案解析
26.C)空格所在部分意思是：從它們的地下巢穴________到酷熱的陽光下。根據(jù)常識可知，螞蟻是爬行動物，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“爬行” 意義的動詞，故本題答案為C)crawling。
27.F)空格所在部分意思是：但對于撒哈拉銀蟻來說，從它們的地下巢穴爬到酷熱的陽光下______食物，這是尋找午餐的完美時機。由后面的seek可知，空格處應(yīng)填入含有“尋找，搜尋”意義的動詞，故本題答案為F)hunt。
28.E)由句意可知，來自比利時的科學(xué)家在撒哈拉沙漠中研究撒哈拉銀蟻，in the ________heat是說明撒哈拉沙漠的環(huán)境。眾所周知，撒哈拉沙漠是極度炎熱的，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“非常的，極度的”意義的形容詞，故本題答案為E)extreme.
29.K)【語義判斷】空格所在部分意思是：目的很簡單，就是發(fā)現(xiàn)這種______ 是如何適應(yīng)高溫的。由上文可知，此處the指的是撒哈拉銀蟻，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“動物，物種”意義的名詞，故本題答案為K)species 。
30.G)空格所在句是一個定語從句，修飾前面的heat, 句意為“能夠_______熔化鞋底的高溫”。由上文可知，這里的heat指的是撒哈拉沙漠的高溫，它的確能將鞋底熔化，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“的確，確實”等強調(diào)意義的副詞，故本題答案為G)literally。
31.M)空格所在部分的句意為：它們的________ 、三角形毛發(fā)像三棱鏡一樣反射光線，產(chǎn)生金屬般的反射效果，保護它們免受太陽可怕的熱量的傷害。由句意可知，這種螞蟻的毛發(fā)可以 反射光線，而毛發(fā)越多，反射效果越好，才能達到 “金屬般的反射效果”,因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“多的，濃密的”意義的形容詞，故本題答案為 M)thick。
32.J)空格所在部分的句意為：當博士生昆汀·維洛特用一把刀從一只螞蟻身上_______毛發(fā)。由句意可知，昆汀·維洛特把毛發(fā)從螞蟻身上取下，然后把螞蚊放到加熱燈下，以驗證毛發(fā)的隔熱效果。因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“取下，移除”意義的動詞，故本題答案為J)removed。
33.N)空格所在部分的句意為：當博士生昆汀·維洛特用一把______刀從一只螞蟻身上清除毛發(fā)。因為螞蟻身體很小，所以用的刀子應(yīng)該也是很小的，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“小的”意義 的形容詞，故本題答案為 N)tiny。
34.O)空格所在部分的句意為：螞蟻保持涼爽的這種方法在動物中是_______。本句說明了這種方法的特點，在備選項中，只有O)unique 是形容性質(zhì)特點的，故為本題答案。
35.A)空格所在部分的句意為： 一些公司有興趣將這些螞蟻的防熱方法_______人類。前一句提到，這種反光型的毛發(fā)能保護人們嗎?所以本句是在說，將這種方法應(yīng)用到人類身上，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“應(yīng)用于，使用于”意義的動詞，故本題答案為A)adapting.
Section B
Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The start of high school doesn't have to be stressful
A)This month,more than 4 million students across the nation will begin high school.Many will do well. But many will not.Consider that nearly two-thirds of students will experience the“ninth-grade shock,”which refers to a dramatic drop in a student's academic performance.Some students cope with this shock by avoiding challenges.For instance,they may drop difficult coursework.Others may experience a hopelessness that results in failing their core classes,such as English,science and math.
B)This should matter a great deal to parents,teachers and policymakers.Ultimately it should matter to the students themselves and society at large,because students'experience of transitioning(過渡)to the ninth grade can have long-term consequences not only for the students themselves but for their home communities.We make these observations as research psychologists who have studied how schools and families can help young people thrive.
C)In the new global economy,students who fail to finish the ninth grade with passing grades in college preparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and go on to get jobs.One study has calculated that the lifetime benefit to the local economy for a single additional student who completes high school is half a million dollars or more.This is based on higher earnings and avoided costs in health care,crime,welfare dependence and other things.
D)The consequences of doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students'ability to find a good job.It can also impact the extent to which they enjoy life.Students lose many of the friends they turned to for support when they move from the eighth to the ninth grade.One study of ninth-grade students found that 50 percent of friendships among ninth graders changed from one month to the next,signaling striking instability in friendships.
E)In addition,studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.Researchers think that one explanation is that ties to friends are broken while academic demands are rising.Furthermore,most adult cases of clinical depression first emerge in adolescence(青春期).The World Health Organization reports that depression has the greatest burden of disease worldwide,in terms of the total cost of treatment and the loss of productivity.
F) Given all that's riding on having a successful ninth grade experience,it pays to explore what can be done to meet the academic,social and emotional challenges of the transition to high school.So far, our studies have yielded one main insight:Students'beliefs about change their beliefs about whether people are stuck one way forever,or whether people can change their personalities and abilities are related to their ability to cope,succeed academically and maintain good mental health.Past research has called these beliefs“mindsets(思維模式),”with a“fixed mindset”referring to the belief that people cannot change and a“growth mindset”referring to the belief that people can change.
G)In one recent study,we examined 360 adolescents'beliefs about the nature of"smartness”that is, their fixed mindsets about intelligence.We then assessed biological stress responses for students whose grades were dropping by examining their stress hormones (荷爾蒙) .Students who believed that intelligence is fixed that you are stuck being“not smart”if you struggle in school showed higher levels of stress hormones when their grades were declining at the beginning of the ninth grade.If students believed that intelligence could improve that is to say,when they held more of a growth mindset of intelligence they showed lower levels of stress hormones when their grades were declining.This was an exciting result because it showed that the body's stress responses are not determined solely by one's grades.Instead,declining grades only predicted worse stress hormones among students who believed that worsening grades were a permanent and hopeless state of affairs.
H)We also investigated the social side of the high school transition.In this study,instead of teaching students that their smartness can change,we taught them that their social standing that is,whether they are bullied or excluded or left out can changeover time.We then looked at high school students' stress responses to daily social difficulties.That is,we taught them a growth mindset about their social lives.In this study,students came into the laboratory and were asked to give a public speech in front of upper-year students.The topic of the speech was what makes one popular in high school.Following this,students had to complete a difficult mental math task in front of the same upper-year students.
I)Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poor stress responses.When these students gave the speech,their blood vessels contracted and their hearts pumped less blood through the body—both responses that the body shows when it is preparing for damage or defeat after a physical threat.Then they gave worse speeches and made more mistakes in math.But when students were taught that people can change,they had better responses to stress,in part because they felt like they had the resources to deal with the demanding situation.Students who got the growth mindset intervention (干預(yù)) showed less-contracted blood vessels and their hearts pumped more blood both of which contributed to more oxygen getting to the brain,and,ultimately, better performance on the speech and mental math tasks.
J)These findings lead to several possibilities that we are investigating further.First,we are working to replicate(復(fù)制)these findings in more diverse school communities.We want to know in which types of schools and for which kinds of students these growth mindset ideas help young people adapt to the challenges of high school.We also hope to learn how teachers,parents or school counselors can help students keep their ongoing academic or social difficulties in perspective.We wonder what would happen if schools helped to make beliefs about the potential for change and improvement a larger feature of the overall school culture,especially for students starting the ninth grade.
36.The number of people experiencing depression shows a sharp increase in the first year of high school.
37.According to one study,students'academic performance is not the only decisive factor of their stress responses.
38.Researchers would like to explore further how parents and schools can help ninth graders by changing their mindset.
39.According to one study,each high school graduate contributes at least 500,000 dollars to the local economy.
40.In one study,students were told their social position in school is not unchangeable. 41.It is reported that depression results in enormous economic losses worldwide.
42.One study showed that friendships among ninth graders were far from stable.
43.More than half of students will find their academic performance declining sharply when they enter the ninth grade.
44.Researchers found through experiments that students could be taught to respond to stress in a more positive way.
45.It is beneficial to explore ways to cope with the challenges facing students entering high school.
答案解析
36.【定位】由題干中的depression、increase和the first year of high school定位到文章E)段第一句。
E)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句提到，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，高中一年級通常是人一生中抑郁癥增加最多的年份之一。題干中的The number of people expericncing depression shows a sharp increase 對應(yīng)原文中的one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan,故答案為E)。
37.【定位】由題干中的 the only decisive factor 和stress responses 定位到文章 G)段倒數(shù)第二句。
G)【精析】細節(jié)辨認題。定位句指出，這是一個令人激動的結(jié)果，因為它表明身體的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)并非僅僅取決于一個人的成績。題干中的 not the only decisive factor 對應(yīng)定位句中的 not determined solely,題干中的students'academic performance 指的就是定位句中的one's grades,故答案為G)。
38.【定位】由題干中的 parents and schools 和help 定位到文章J)段倒數(shù)第二句。
J）【精析】細節(jié)歸納題。定位句指出，我們還希望了解老師、家長或?qū)W校輔導(dǎo)員如何幫助學(xué)生正確看 待持續(xù)存在的學(xué)業(yè)或社交困難。題干中的Researchers和parents and schools分別對應(yīng)定位句中的We和teachers,parents or school counselors, 題干中的can help ninth graders by changing their mindset 是對定位句中can help students keep their ongoing academic or social difficulties in perspective 的概括歸納，故答案為J)。
39.【定位】由 題 干中 的 one study 、high school graduate,500,000 dollars和the local economy 定位到文章C)段倒數(shù)第二句。
C) 【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句指出， 一項研究估測， 每多一名完成高中學(xué)業(yè)的學(xué)生，其對當?shù)亟?jīng)濟產(chǎn)生的終生收益為50萬美元或更多。題干中的According to one study 和 each high school graduate 分別對應(yīng)定位句中的One study has calculated that 和a single additional student who completes high school,題干中的contributes at least 500,000 dollars to the local economy是對定位句中the lifetime benefit to the local economy.…is half a milion dollars or more 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為C)。
40.【定位】由題干中的one study 、students 、their social position和not unchangeable定位到文章H)段第二句。
H)【精析】細節(jié)歸納題。定位句指出，在這項研究中， 研究人員沒有教學(xué)生他們的聰明才智可以改變， 而是告訴他們，他們的社會地位可以隨著時間的推移而改變。題干中的 students were told 和 their social position 分別對應(yīng)定位句中的we taught them 和their social standing,題干中的is not unchangeable 是對定位句中can change over time的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為H）。
41.【定位】由題干中的depression、losses 和worldwide定位到文章E)段最后一句。
E) 【精析】細節(jié)歸納題。定位句指出，世界衛(wèi)生組織 報告稱，從治療總成本和生產(chǎn)力損失來看，抑郁癥 是全世界負擔(dān)最重的疾病。題干中的 It is reported that 對應(yīng)定位句中的The World Health Organization reports that,題干中的depression results in enormous economic losses worldwide是對定位句中depression has the greatest burden of disease worldwide,in terms of the total cost of treatment and the loss of productivity 的概括歸納，故答案為E)。
42.【定位】由題干中的One study 、friendships among ninth graders 和far from stable定位到文章 D)段最后一句。
D)【精析】細節(jié)歸納題。定位句指出， 一項針對九年級學(xué)生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，九年級學(xué)生中有50%的友誼從一個月到下個月就發(fā)生了變化，這表明友誼存 在顯著的不穩(wěn)定性。題干中的 friendships among ninth graders 對應(yīng)定位句中的friendships among ninth graders,題干中的far from stable 是對定位句中striking instability 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為 D)。
43.【定位】由題干中的academic performance declining sharply和 the ninth grade定位到文章A)段第四句。
A)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句指出，近三分之二的學(xué)生會經(jīng)歷“九年級沖擊”,這是指學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成 績急劇下降。題干中的 More than half of students 對應(yīng)定位句中的nearly two-thirds of students, 題干中的their academic performance declining sharply 是對定位句中 a dramatic drop in a student's academic performance 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為A)。
44.【定位】由題干中的experiments 、respond to stress 和positive定位到文章D段最后兩句。
I) 【精析】細節(jié)歸納題。定位句指出，當學(xué)生們被教 導(dǎo)人是可以改變的，他們就能更好地應(yīng)對壓力，部 分原因是他們覺得自己有能力來應(yīng)對苛刻的狀況。接受成長思維模式干預(yù)的學(xué)生血管收縮更少，他們的心臟輸送的血液更多——這兩者都有助于更多的氧氣進入大腦，最終，在語言和心算任務(wù)上表現(xiàn)更好。題干中的 respond to stress in a more positive way 是對定位句中 when students were taught that people can change,they had better responses to stress 的概括歸納，故答案為I）。
45.【定位】由題干中的 beneficial、explore、the challenges 和 high school 定位到文章 F) 段第一句。
F) 【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句指出，考慮到所有這些都依賴于一個成功的九年級經(jīng)歷，探索能夠做些什么來迎接過渡到高中所面臨的學(xué)業(yè)、社交和 情感的挑戰(zhàn)是值得的。題干中的 It is beneficial 和 explore ways to cope with the challenges對應(yīng) 定位句中的 it pays 和 explore what can be done to meet the academic, social and emotional challenges。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為F)。
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem.Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future.Technology companies have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM(science,technology,engineering and math)skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry.How can they work together to achieve these goals?Play may be the answer.
Focusing on STEM skills is important,but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional,hands-on creative activities.This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today's children to be the makers and builders of tomorrow.That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good,old-fashioned play.
In fact many experts argue that the most important 21st-century skills aren't related to specific technologies or subject matter,but to creativity;skills like imagination,problem-finding and problem-solving,teamwork,optimism,patience and the ability to experiment and take risks.These are skills acquired when kids tinker-(鼓搗小玩意):High-tech industries such as NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory have found that their best overall problem solvers were master tinkerers in their youth.
There are cognitive (認知的 ) benefits of doing things the way we did as children building something,tearing it down,then building it up again.Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four-and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial,mathematical,and architectural activities.This type of play especially with building blocks helps chidren discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.
If play and building are critical to 21st-century skill development,that's really good news for two reasons:Children are born builders,makers,and creators,so fostering(培養(yǎng))21st-century skills may be as simple as giving kids room to play,tinker and try things out,even as they grow older.Secondly,it doesn't take 21st-century technology to foster 21st-century skills.This is especially important for under- resourced schools and communities.Taking whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important“maker”skills.And anyone,anywhere,can do it.
46.What does the author say about educators?
A)They seek advice from technology companies to achieve teaching goals.
B)They have been successful in preparing the workforce for companies.
C)They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.
D)They partner with technology companies to enhance teaching efficiency.
47.How can educators better develop students'STEM skills,according to the author?
A)By blending them with traditional,stimulating activities.
B)By inviting business leaders to help design curriculums.
C)By enhancing students'ability to think in a critical way.
D)By showing students the best way to learn is through play.
48.How do children acquire the skills needed for the 21st century?
A)By engaging in activities involving specific technologies.
B)By playing with things to solve problems on their own.
C)By familiarizing themselves with high-tech gadgets.
D)By mastering basic principles through teamwork.
49.What can we do to help children learn the basics of math and geometry?
A)Stimulate their interest as early as possible.
B)Spend more time playing games with them.
C)Encourage them to make things with hands.
D)Allow them to tinker freely with calculators.
50.What does the author advise disadvantaged schools and communities to do?
A)Train students to be makers to meet future market demands.
B)Develop students'creative skills with the resources available.
C)Engage students with challenging tasks to foster their creativity.
D)Work together with companies to improve their teaching facilities.
答案解析
46.【定位】由題干中的educators 定位到首段前兩句。
C)【精析】細節(jié)辨認題。定位句指出，教育工作者和商界領(lǐng)袖的共同點比看起來要多。教師希望為學(xué)生成功的未來做好準備。Teachers“教師”指的就 是educators“教育工作者”,由此可見，教育工作者幫助學(xué)生為成功的未來做好準備，即幫助學(xué)生獲 得未來成功所需的技能，故答案為C)。
47.【定位】由題干中的 better develop students' STEM skills 定位到第二段第一、二句。
A)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句提到，專注于STEM技能很重要，但當STEM技能與傳統(tǒng)的動手創(chuàng)造性活動相結(jié)合時，這些技能會增強。事實證明，這種結(jié)合是讓今天的孩子成為明天的創(chuàng)造者和建設(shè)者的最佳方式。換言之，通過將培養(yǎng)STEM技能與傳統(tǒng)的、趣味盎然的活動相結(jié)合，能夠更好地培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的 STEM 技能，故答案為A)。
48. 【定位】由題干中的 children acquire the skills needed for the 21st century 定位到第三段第一、 二句。
B) 【精析】推理判斷題。定位句指出，許多專家認為21世紀最重要的技能與特定的技術(shù)或主題無關(guān)， 而是與創(chuàng)造力有關(guān)；如想象力、發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題的能力、團隊合作、樂觀、耐心以及做實驗和冒險的能力。這些都是孩子們鼓搗小玩意時獲得的 技能。由此可見，孩子們可以通過擺弄東西來自己解決問題，從而獲得21世紀所需的技能，故答案為 B)。
49.【定位】由題干中的 basics of math and geometry 定位到第四段最后一句。
C)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句提到，這種類型的游戲——特別是搭積木——幫助孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)和掌握數(shù)學(xué)和幾何學(xué)的關(guān)鍵原理。由此可見，鼓勵孩子們動手做東西可以幫助孩子們學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)和幾何的基礎(chǔ)知識，故答案為C)。
50.【定位】由題干中的 disadvantaged schools and communities 定位到文章最后一段最后三句。
B) 【精析】推理判斷題。定位句指出，這一點對于資源不足的學(xué)校和社區(qū)尤其重要。利用手邊的任何材料，讓孩子們?nèi)ス膿v小玩意，這是運用那些重要的“制造者”技能的一個簡單方法。任何人在任何地方都能做到。換言之，資源不足的學(xué)校和社區(qū)應(yīng)盡可能地利用現(xiàn)有資源，故答案為B)。
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Being an information technology,or IT,worker is not a job I envy.They are the ones who,right in the middle of a critical meeting,are expected to instantly fix the projector that's no longer working.They have to tolerate the bad tempers of colleagues frustrated at the number of times they've had to call the help desk for the same issue.They are also the ones who know there are systems that are more powerful, reliable and faster,but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them.
According to a recent survey,employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction.Through no fault of their own,they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control non-existent.And there's little they can do about it.
The experience of using IT penetrates almost the entire work field.It has become a crucial part of employees'overall work experience.When IT is operating as it should,employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction,too,can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes.But if there's one thing that triggers widespread employee frustration,it's an IT transformation project gone wrong,where swollen expectations have been popped and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed.This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user.
Which is why managers should appreciate just how influential the IT user experience is to their employees,and exert substantial effort in ensuring their IT team eliminates programming errors and application crashes.Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work.More importantly,IT practitioners need to understand what employees experience mentally when they use IT.
Therefore,businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees'work,rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company's IT limitations.
51.What does the author say about working in IT?
A)It is envied by many.
B)It does not appeal to him.
C)It is financially rewarding.
D)It does not match his abilities.
52.What is the finding of a recent survey on employees who have a job reliant on IT support?
A)IT helps boost productivity.
B)IT helps improve quality control.
C)Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT.
D)Most employees rely heavily on IT in their work.
53.What is said to happen when IT is functioning properly?
A)There is a big boost in employees'work efficiency.
B)Employees become more dependent on machines.
C)There are no longer any boring or repetitive tasks.
D)Employees become more confident in their work.
54.What should business leaders do before implementing new IT initiatives?
A)Consider the various expectations of their customers.
B)Draw up a list of the efficiencies to be promised.
C)Assess the swollen cost of training the employees.
D)Think about the possible effects on their employees.
55.How can a business help improve its employees'experience in using IT?
A)By designing systems that suit their needs.
B)By ensuring that their mental health is sound.
C)By adjusting their work to suit the IT system.
D)By offering them regular in-service training.
答案解析
51.【定位】由題干中的 working in IT 定位到第一段第一句。
B)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句提到，“我”并不羨慕 信息技術(shù)工作者，或者說IT工作者的工作。由此 可知，作者對這樣的工作不感興趣，故答案為B)。
52.【定位】由題干中的 a job reliant on IT support定位到第二段。
C) 【精析】細節(jié)辨認題。定位段提到，根據(jù)最近的一項調(diào)查，那些自身工作依賴信息技術(shù)支持的員工認為，信息技術(shù)是他們工作不滿意的主要原因。他們自己毫無過錯，卻突然發(fā)現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)效率在下降， 或質(zhì)量控制不起作用。他們對此幾乎無能為力。 由此可知，答案為C)。
53.【定位】由題干中的 TT is functioning properly 定 位到第三段第三、四句。
D)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句指出，當信息技術(shù)正常運作時，員工的自信心就會增加。當運轉(zhuǎn)良好的機器將他們從枯燥的任務(wù)或重復(fù)性的流程中解放出來時，他們的工作滿意度也會激增。換言之， 當信息技術(shù)正常運行時，員工對自己的工作更有信心，故答案為D)。
54.【定位】由題干中的implementing new IT initiatives 定位到第三段最后一句。
D)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句指出，當業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在 實施信息技術(shù)計劃時很少考慮這些更改將如何影響終端用戶時，就會發(fā)生這種情況。結(jié)合本段倒數(shù)第二句可知，這種情況指的是一且信息技術(shù)改造項目出問題，會導(dǎo)致滿滿的期望破滅， 一長串承諾提高效率的方法被推翻。因此，業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在實施信息技術(shù)計劃時，應(yīng)考慮對員工可能產(chǎn)生的影響，故答案為 D)。
55.【定位】由題干中的business,improve its employees' experience in using IT定位到文章最后一段。
A) 【精析】細節(jié)辨認題。文章最后一段指出，企業(yè)需要建立自己的信息技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，使其設(shè)計能夠適應(yīng)員工的工作，而不是讓員工調(diào)整自己的工作以適應(yīng)公司的信息技術(shù)系統(tǒng)。即企業(yè)應(yīng)設(shè)計適合員工工作需求的系統(tǒng)，故答案為A)。
