在練習題中學習英語四級閱讀技巧（4）

【今日推薦閱讀】

Wearing a light blue wetsuit that matches the colour of the sea will make you less likely to become the victim of a shark attack, according to researchers. Sharks are completelycolour-blind and only see things clearly if they are mostly light or dark, scientists have claimed. In a breakthrough that could prove hugely beneficial to divers navigating shark-filled waters, scientists found that the predator - like dolphins, seals and whales - is unable to distinguish between colours. Costumes or wetsuits that camouflage swimmers' bodies in the sea water are less likely to draw a shark's attention than ones with bright, solid colours than emphasise their outline.

Professor Nathan Hart, from the University of Western Australia, said: 'It’s the high contrast against the water rather than the colour itself which is probably attractive to sharks. 'So you should wear perhaps more muted colours or colours that match the background in the water better.' The researchers examined the eyes of dead sharks and found they had only one type of photoreceptor in the retina, indicating they could only see in monochrome.

The U.S. Navy has conducted tests that suggested sharks were able to see yellow most clearly. The tests had been to see what would be the best colour for the lifejackets that pilots wear in case they have to eject and splash down in the ocean. Professor Hart said it was more the high contrast of yellow, not the colour itself, that would increase thevisibility for sharks. He said: 'It may be possible to design swimming attire and surf craft that have a lower visual contrast to sharks and are therefore less attractive to them.' The study by researchers at the University of Western Australia and the University of Queensland, is to be published in the German nature journal Naturwissenschaften (Science of Nature).

【內(nèi)容簡介】

本文開篇邊介紹了鯊魚是“色盲”這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，接著又介紹說明海豚、鯨魚等其它海中巨獸也是色盲，由此專家提出建議穿何種顏色泳衣可避免被攻擊。

文章同時也介紹了鯊魚最能感知的是黃色這一發(fā)現(xiàn)并闡明了原因。最后文章講述了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對海底救生船及救生衣設計的作用。

【詞匯短語講解】

①beneficial  to  有利于，有益于

②in case  以防，萬一，后接從句。

in case of  若某事發(fā)生，加入，后接名詞或名詞短語。

如：In case that it rains, we should take an umbrella.

In case of rain, we should take an umbrella.

以防下雨，我們應該帶把傘。

③draw one's attention=catch one's attention  引起……的注意

④solid color 單色，純色    muted color 中性色

⑤be attractive to  對……有吸引力的

【快速閱讀支招】

這類介紹性文章不長，但經(jīng)常會有一些專業(yè)詞匯，比如這一篇就有關于海洋和光學類詞匯。我們在閱讀理解過程中要把重心放在核心句上，比如研究的結果、研究的過程及研究的意義，這類信息比較容易考到?？紙錾蠒r間較緊，對于一堆不認識的專業(yè)詞匯過于較真可能會浪費很多時間，在不影響整體理解的前提下我們可以猜詞語意思，猜不出來就把握好句子主體意思。