高考閱卷組成員點(diǎn)評(píng)(3):2011英語(yǔ)全國(guó)1 寫作易犯問題及對(duì)策

一、寫作要求和考生存在的問題

 

（一）寫作要求

 

1、內(nèi)容表達(dá)清楚，體現(xiàn)活躍的思維和清晰的邏輯。

 

2、句式和詞匯豐富，語(yǔ)法和用詞準(zhǔn)確。

 

3、語(yǔ)篇連貫，交際得體。

 

（二）寫作存在的問題

 

1、詞匯量少，造句能力差，很多學(xué)生寫不出一些最常見的詞匯。

 

2、對(duì)常用詞匯的基本用法不了解，不會(huì)運(yùn)用常用的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。至于用詞不當(dāng)?shù)那闆r則更多。

 

3、句子結(jié)構(gòu)意識(shí)較差。寫出的句子語(yǔ)義不明，或者句中無明確主謂結(jié)構(gòu)或主謂不一致或出現(xiàn)連動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)象。

 

4、語(yǔ)言連貫性差，缺少語(yǔ)言變換，如句與句之間缺少銜接，缺少邏輯關(guān)系，甚至出現(xiàn)一連串的雷同句式。

 

5、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)差，想一句寫一句，缺乏整體的謀篇布局和前后呼應(yīng)；格式、語(yǔ)氣也有不當(dāng)之處。

 

6、文章立意差，往往對(duì)自己要表達(dá)什么和怎樣表達(dá)沒有清晰的思維，而想要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容又詞不達(dá)意。

 

7、使用的詞語(yǔ)、句子結(jié)構(gòu)不符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，出現(xiàn)一些的中式英語(yǔ)。

 

學(xué)會(huì)使用高級(jí)詞語(yǔ)和高級(jí)句子

 

1、用高級(jí)詞語(yǔ)替換一般詞語(yǔ)，用復(fù)合句代替簡(jiǎn)單句，用非謂語(yǔ)代替從句。

 

①He is very busy with work.→

He is extremely occupied with work.

 

②After he finished his work, he was very tired. →

Having finished his work, he was always extremely exhausted.

 

③ My sister studies very hard. It helps her make great progress every day. →

My sister puts her whole heart into study, which helps her make great progress every day.

 

用高級(jí)的句子代替一般的句子

 

2、用高級(jí)句子代替一般句子

 

(1)He didn’t come to the meeting yesterday because he was ill．(一般)

His illness accounted for his absence from the meeting yesterday．(高級(jí))

 

(2)When he was a child，he wanted to learn everything．(一般)

When he was a child，he had a strong desire for knowledge．(高級(jí))

 

(3)I’ll thank you if you think about my application．(一般)

I’ll appreciate it if you can take my application into consideration．(高級(jí))

 

(4)Many people are worried about the problem of air pollution．(一般)

The problem of air pollution has caused wide public concern．(高級(jí))

 

4、句式要多樣化

 

He works very hard.→

①He makes his efforts to work.

②He does everything he can to work.

③He puts his heart into his work.

④He tries his best to work.

 

為了讓書面表達(dá)得高分，我們寫好的書面表達(dá)要盡量具有如下六大特性。

 

1.條理性。

2.準(zhǔn)確性。

3.流暢性。

4.簡(jiǎn)潔多樣性。

5.思想性。

6.美觀性。