雙語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌翻譯|歐陽(yáng)修-《秋聲賦》

《秋聲賦》是宋代大文學(xué)家歐陽(yáng)修的辭賦作品。此賦作于宋仁宗嘉祐四年秋，歐陽(yáng)修時(shí)年五十三歲，雖身居高位，然有感于宦海沉浮，政治改革艱難，故心情苦悶，乃以“悲秋”為主題，抒發(fā)人生的苦悶與感嘆。

《秋聲賦》 歐陽(yáng)修

歐陽(yáng)子方夜讀書，聞?dòng)新曌晕髂蟻?lái)者，悚然而聽之，曰：“異哉！”初淅瀝以蕭颯，忽奔騰而砰湃。如波濤夜驚，風(fēng)雨驟至。其觸于物也，鏦鏦錚錚，金鐵皆鳴。又如赴敵之兵銜枚疾走，不聞號(hào)令，但聞人馬之行聲。余謂童子：“此何聲也？汝出視之?！蓖釉唬骸靶窃吗?，明河在天，四無(wú)人聲，聲在樹間。”余曰：“噫嘻悲哉！此秋聲也，胡為而來(lái)哉？蓋夫秋之為狀也，其色慘淡，煙霏云斂。其容清明，天高日晶。其氣栗冽，砭人肌骨。其意蕭條，山川寂寥。故其為聲也，凄凄切切，呼號(hào)奮發(fā)，豐草綠縟而爭(zhēng)茂，佳木蔥籠而可悅。草拂之而色變，木遭之而葉脫。其所以摧敗零落者，乃其一氣之余烈。夫秋，刑官也，于時(shí)為陰；又兵象也，于行為金，是謂天地之義氣，常以肅殺而為心。天之于物，春生秋實(shí)。故其在樂也，商聲主西方之音，夷則為七月之律。商，傷也，物既老而悲傷，夷，戮也，物過盛而當(dāng)殺。嗟乎！草木無(wú)情，有時(shí)飄零。人為動(dòng)物，惟物之靈，百憂感其心，萬(wàn)事勞其形。有動(dòng)于中，必?fù)u其精，而況思其力之所不及，憂其智之所不能。宜其渥然丹者為槁木，黟然黑者為星星。奈何以非金石之質(zhì)，欲與草木而爭(zhēng)榮？念誰(shuí)為之戕賊，亦何恨乎秋聲！”童子莫對(duì)，垂頭而睡。但聞四壁蟲聲唧唧，如助余之嘆息。

Ode to the Sound of Autumn
Ouyang Xiu

While reading at night, I, Ouyang Zi, am terrified upon hearing a sound coming from the southwest. "How strange it is!" I cry. At first it is like the pattering of the raining and the whistling of the wind, but it quickly becomes violent like the roaring of the surging waves at night and the sudden onslaught of a storm. When it hits something, it becomes a metallic crunch like the clashing of weapons. It is also like the sound of the silent march of an army hurrying to the battlefield, should the mouth of each soldier be gagged and there be no shouting from commands. "What sound is this?"I inquire of the boy servant, "Go and find out." He comes back and says, "The moon and the stars are shining bright and the Milky Way is high up. There is no sound but that of the forest." "How sad it is!"I sigh. "It is the sound of autumn. Is autumn already here? The form of autumn is like this. Its color is pale and gloomy, as the smoke has diffused and the clouds have dispersed. Its countenance is clear and bright, as the sky is high and the air is fresh with the sun shining. Its breath is piercingly cold, as it pricks people's skin and bones. Its mood is desolate and bleak, as the mountains and rivers are cheerless and silent. Thus the keynote of the sound of autumn is sad and plaintive, and at times wailing and yelling. Before autumn comes, the verdant grass and the leafy trees vie to surpass each other, and the luxuriant vegetation is delightful to the eyes. When the autumn wind blows, the grass changes its color and the leaves of the trees fall. It is the lingering mighty power of autumn that devastates the lush greenery and brings about its desolation. "Autumn is the executioner. It is the yin. It is a symbol of war and corresponds with the element Jin. It is the belligerent power of the heaven and earth, aiming to destroy and kill. The law of nature is growth in spring and harvest in autumn. Autumn can also be explained by music. In tone it corresponds with Shang which means "west". In tune it corresponds with yi, which means the month of July. Shang means sadness, as all thins feel sad when they grow old. Yi means killing, as things should be killed when they are overly abundant. "Alas! Grass and trees have no feelings and they will wither in time. Man is an animal and is the paragon of all creatures. But a myriad of worries sadden his heart, and a myriad of chores exhaust his body. What affects his heart will inevitably consume his energy. And he is often troubled by the thought that he lacks the energy to achieve things he wants to accomplish, and lacks the wisdom to comprehend things he wants to understand. Thus his ruddy complexion is withered, like the dried up bark and his black hair turns white, like starry sky. Since man is not made of metal or stone, how can he compete with grass and trees? Since he is the victim of his own worries, why should he blame the sound of autumn?" The boy has fallen into a doze, and is silent. Only the insects are chirping at the foot of the wall, as if they were sighing with me.