新概念英語第四冊(cè)（美音版）Youth

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[00:00.31]Lesson 5 [00:02.28]Youth [00:09.33]How does the writer like to treat young people? [00:14.44]People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'. [00:20.18]If there is one -- which I take leave to doubt [00:24.26]-- then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. [00:29.98]Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings [00:36.74]-- people just like their elders. [00:39.60]There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: [00:45.00]the young man has a glorious future before him [00:48.85]and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is. [00:57.12]When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain -- [01:03.42]that I was a new boy in a huge school, [01:06.66]and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. [01:13.57]For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, [01:18.92]and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking. [01:24.14]I find young people exciting. [01:27.09]They have an air of freedom, [01:29.42]and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. [01:35.47]They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. [01:42.97]All this seems to me to link them with life and the origins of things. [01:49.63]It's as if they were in some sense cosmic beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatures. [01:59.57]All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. [02:04.36]He may be conceited, ill-mannered, presumptuous or fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect for elders -- [02:16.79]as if mere age were a reason for respect. [02:21.38]I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.

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Lesson 5
Youth
青年
First listen and then answer the following question:
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
How does the writer like to treat young people?
People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'. If there is one -- which I take leave to doubt -- then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings -- people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain -- that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.
I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of things. It's as if they were, in some sense, cosmic beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatures. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may be conceited, ill-mannered, presumptuous or fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect of elders -- as if mere age were a reason for respect. I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.
FIELDEN HUGHES from Out of the Air, The Listener
New words and expression 生詞和短語
leave
n. 允許
fundamentals
n. 基本原則
glorious
adj. 光輝燦爛的
splendid
adj. 燦爛的
rub
n. 難題
identity
n. 身份
dreary
adj. 沉郁的
commitment
n. 信奉
mean
adj. 吝嗇，小氣
social climber
追求更高社會(huì)地位的，向上爬的人
devotion
n. 熱愛
cosmic
adj. 宇宙的
suburban
adj. 見識(shí)不廣的，偏狹的
conceited
adj. 自高自大的
presumptuous
adj. 自以為是的，放肆的
fatuous
adj. 愚蠢的
cliche
n. 陳詞濫調(diào)

人們總是在談?wù)?ldquo;青年問題”。如果這個(gè)問題存在的話 -- 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度 -- 那么，這個(gè)問題是由老年人而不是青年人造成的。讓我們來認(rèn)真研究一些基本事實(shí)：承認(rèn)青年人和他們的長(zhǎng)輩一樣也是人。老年人和青年人只有一個(gè)區(qū)別：青年人有光輝燦爛的前景，而老年人的輝煌已成為過去。問題的癥結(jié)恐怕就在這里。我十幾歲時(shí)，總感到自己年輕，有些事拿不準(zhǔn) -- 我是一所大學(xué)里的一名新生，如果我當(dāng)時(shí)真的被看成像一個(gè)問題那樣有趣，我會(huì)感到很得意的。因?yàn)檫@至少使我得到了某種承認(rèn)，這正是年輕人所熱衷追求的。我覺得年輕人令人振奮，無拘無束。他們既不追逐卑鄙的名利，也不貪圖生活的舒適。他們不熱衷于向上爬，也不一味追求物質(zhì)享受。在我看來，所有這些使他們與生命和萬物之源聯(lián)系在了一起。從某種意義上講，他們似乎是宇宙人，同我們這些凡夫俗子形成了強(qiáng)烈而鮮明的對(duì)照。每逢我遇到年輕人，腦子里就想到這些年輕人也許狂妄自負(fù)，舉止無理，傲慢放肆，愚昧無知，但我不會(huì)用應(yīng)當(dāng)尊重長(zhǎng)者這一套陳詞濫調(diào)來為我自己辨護(hù)，似乎年長(zhǎng)就是受人尊敬的理由。我認(rèn)為我和他們是平等的。如果我認(rèn)為他們錯(cuò)了，我就以平等的身份和他們爭(zhēng)個(gè)明白。

sb. take leave to do sth. 允許某人做某事，冒昧做某事
get down to sth.認(rèn)真研究 get down to +名詞／動(dòng)名詞
glorious 光輝燦爛的
rub 難題
teenager 青少年
for one thing 原因之一，有一點(diǎn)是…連接詞… for another
identity 身份
air of freedom 無拘無束air:神態(tài)、氣勢(shì)
dreary 沉郁的
ambition 追名逐利
cosmic being 宇宙人 human being 人
violent 強(qiáng)烈的，暴力的
suburban 見識(shí)不廣的，有偏見的
conceited 自高自大的
presumptuous 自以為是的，放肆的
fatuous 愚蠢的
cliché 陳詞濫調(diào)
I take leave to say…
我冒昧地說…I take leave to be frank
恕我直言。口語：maybe I’m too bold… or .
say …
I’m bold enough… or.
Allow myself to
Take one’s leave = take leave 離開（正式用法）
Would you please take your leave?
我很煩的幾種表示法：
What a bore. What a nuisance.
What a trial
What a jerk.
get down to + 名詞/動(dòng)名詞
例：我開始學(xué)習(xí)了。 I get down to my studies.
to- 介詞同義詞： be engaged in
glorious
glory n. 光榮
（rosy ,shining , brilliant , magnificent , gorgeous）
in one’s glory: 在某人的鼎盛時(shí)期
in one’s dayin one’s golden days
in one’s prime timein the pride of one’s life
rub 摩擦
at odds 有矛盾
have words with sb. 和…拌嘴
Do you get the rub?Do you get the picture?
Do you catch me ?Do you get me ?
I get down to learning my book.
What’s the range?問年齡
Teenager 14 到 18Under thirteen.Adolescent: 13 到 16
Juvenile 青少年Youth 20 到 30
Air :神態(tài)（多用復(fù)數(shù)） He always puts on airs. 擺譜
Arrogant airs : 傲氣 Bureaucratic airs : 官氣Finicky airs 嬌氣
Dreary 同: drearisome a.無味，無聊
Sterile : 枯燥無味Monotonous: 乏味無聊
Gloomy：沉悶lifeless: 無生氣的
I have ambition for going abroad/to gao abroad.
Fish …(wealth and fame)
Chase …(fame and gains)
Pursue …
Cosmic 宇宙
Cosmonaut 宇航員 = astronaut Astro-/aster 天體
Disaster Cosmic place :大都市 Metropolis: 大都市
Violentnonviolence 非暴力
狂風(fēng)：violent wind暴死：violent death
vehement 猛烈的
同義詞：turbulenttumultuous
suburb 郊區(qū)
urbane: 有禮貌的 short-sighted 目光短淺的
narroe-minded/small-mindedinsular 絕緣，目光短淺的 provincial
conceited 自高自大的
驕傲的 conceit(n.)pride 自豪
big-headed 頭發(fā)脹的 cocky 自負(fù)的
chicken 膽小鬼 sweller 膨脹的over-confident
people are always talking about ‘ the problem of youth’.
Are talking _ 到目前為止一直討論
‘the problem of youth ’ 加引號(hào)，引用。
-which I take leave to doubt 插入語 “我冒昧的說”，表示懷疑
-If there is any,同樣表示懷疑
straight forward 開門見山
it is older people who creat it.—強(qiáng)調(diào)句
let us (speaker exclusive) – Let’s (speaker inclusive)
get down to fundamentals
fundamental = basic 基本的
fundamentalist 信奉正統(tǒng)基督教的人
after all – 退一步
like – (介詞) 省略了謂語 are
people are just lije their elders
glorious future 光輝的未來
splendid future 光輝的未來（已過去的，對(duì)老年人而言）
where the rub is 癥結(jié)所在，問題就出在這
hatred : 憎恨ironical 諷刺的，用反語的 uncertain 后面省略用法
I would have been 虛擬語氣
Something 重要的東西You are somebody. 你是重要人物
So .. as … 后置定語
出色： outstanding
stand out 站出來，鶴立雞群
cut figure 嶄露頭角
one of the things 正是其中之一
seeking = looking for exciting 令人激動(dòng)的
air of freedom 無拘無束
= carefree , freedom from care
commitment 專注(to + 名詞/動(dòng)名詞)
love = seek 追求 mean 意味著，小氣卑鄙 = disgusting
anxious 虎視眈眈的
polish 擦，磨 apple polisher 溜須拍馬
bootlicker 拍馬屁者
to me 在我看來（插入語）
no devotion to 熱愛（貶） material things 物質(zhì)享受
life 生機(jī)
lifeless 沒生機(jī)的，死氣沉沉的
link with 把什么聯(lián)系起來 origin 起源
as if 虛擬假設(shè)
in some sence 可以這么說吧（插入語）
in contrast with 與…比較
violent 強(qiáng)烈= strong
lovely 生動(dòng)的，完美的
后置的同位語- suburban creatures
前面用得是 – cosmic beings
mediocre 平庸的
idol 偶像 idiot 傻瓜
conceited 自負(fù)
ill-mannered 粗暴
presumptuous 自以為是的
fatuous 愚蠢無比的
turn for protection to 尋求保護(hù)
dreary = boring cliché 沉郁的
cliché 陳詞濫調(diào)，老生常談
original 原本的
turn to 求助