畢業(yè)季：來看看2018屆哈佛畢業(yè)生的十大特征
Students leaving Harvard are most likely to stay in the north-east of the US or head to California. Reuters
1. An anxious generation.
焦慮的一代
Among the class of 2018, 41% have at some point sought mental health support from the university's health services. About 15% had also sought support off campus. It's a striking reminder that these young people have studied at a time of rising concerns about stress and wellbeing on campus.
在2018屆哈佛畢業(yè)生中，有41%的人曾向?qū)W校的健康服務(wù)部門尋求過精神健康方面的幫助。另有大約15%的人在校外咨詢過心理健康問題。這些驚人的數(shù)據(jù)提醒我們，年輕的學(xué)子們心理壓力較大，人們對(duì)校園壓力和心理健康問題也愈加擔(dān)心。
2. More than one in five leave Harvard as virgins.
超過1/5的學(xué)生畢業(yè)時(shí)沒有性經(jīng)歷
There was a similar number who had never had any "dating" experience while at university. Where dating did take place, dating apps were used by 69%. But more than a fifth of these new graduates reported having been "sexually harassed" at some point during their time as students.
大約同樣人數(shù)的畢業(yè)生從未在大學(xué)里“約會(huì)”過。在曾有過約會(huì)經(jīng)歷的畢業(yè)生中，69%的人表示曾使用過手機(jī)約會(huì)軟件。但有超過五分之一的畢業(yè)生表示曾在校園內(nèi)遭遇“性騷擾”。
3. Liberals in a Trump era.
特朗普時(shí)代的自由派
Politically these young graduates, who began at Harvard during the Obama administration, are opponents of the current presidency, with 72% saying the US is going in the wrong direction. Only 3% of those who voted backed Donald Trump, and two-thirds of these graduates describe themselves as liberal or very liberal.
這一屆畢業(yè)生入學(xué)時(shí)，時(shí)任美國(guó)總統(tǒng)是奧巴馬。因此在政治傾向上，多數(shù)人是特朗普的反對(duì)者。有72%的畢業(yè)生表示，美國(guó)正在“誤入歧途”。只有3%的畢業(yè)生支持特朗普。三分之二的畢業(yè)生表示自己是“自由主義者”或“非常自由主義”。
4. Campus free speech?
校園言論自由?
There were signs that students are self-censoring their views and not debating openly. About two-thirds of students had "at some point chosen not to express an opinion in an academic setting out of fear it would offend others". This was particularly the case for Republican supporters. But almost half of students wanted to have "trigger warnings" if courses were going to include something that could be upsetting or offensive.
有跡象表明，哈佛學(xué)生會(huì)自審其觀點(diǎn)，不會(huì)公開辯論。大約三分之二的學(xué)生“曾因擔(dān)心冒犯他人，而選擇在學(xué)術(shù)場(chǎng)合不公開表達(dá)意見”，特別是共和黨的支持者。不過，近半數(shù)學(xué)生表示，如果課程將要講到令人不快或感到冒犯的內(nèi)容時(shí)，會(huì)“提出警告”。
5. Raising a glass.
喝酒不吸煙
Alcohol has proved to be the most durable of student diversions. More than 90% drink alcohol, and most drink every week. But tobacco has virtually been entirely stubbed out. There are almost no regular smokers, and more than three-quarters have never even once smoked tobacco. More students had tried cannabis than tobacco.
酒精一直深受美國(guó)學(xué)生們的青睞。有超過90%的畢業(yè)生表示自己平時(shí)飲酒，多數(shù)人每周都會(huì)喝。但他們不愛好吸煙。調(diào)查顯示，這些畢業(yè)生中幾乎沒有人經(jīng)常吸煙，超過四分之三的人從未吸過煙。嘗試過大麻的學(xué)生要多于吸煙者。
6. School shootings.
支持校園控槍
There have been high-profile protests by young people in the US in the wake of school shootings. Harvard students backed calls to restrict access to firearms, with almost nine in 10 supporting tighter gun control.
在美國(guó)發(fā)生多起校園槍擊案后，年輕人高調(diào)舉行抗議活動(dòng)。哈佛畢業(yè)生也支持控槍，調(diào)查顯示，近九成畢業(yè)生支持加強(qiáng)槍支管控。
7. Smart students, smartphones.
聰明學(xué)生，智能手機(jī)
This is a cohort of students completely immersed in digital technology. Almost all of these new graduates own a smartphone, which are so prevalent that they're almost taken for granted. There is a strong bias towards iPhones, used by 87% of those leaving Harvard, with 80% using some other Apple computer device.
現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生們完全沉浸在數(shù)字時(shí)代中。智能手機(jī)非常普遍，幾乎所有畢業(yè)生人手一部，并對(duì)此習(xí)以為然。他們對(duì)蘋果手機(jī)情有獨(dú)鐘，87%的哈佛畢業(yè)生使用蘋果手機(jī)，80%的畢業(yè)生還使用蘋果電腦。
8. Harvard introduced an honour code in which students promised not to engage in academic cheating.
哈佛大學(xué)引入誠(chéng)信守則，學(xué)生承諾學(xué)術(shù)誠(chéng)信
But this survey suggests that this has not changed behaviour and that levels of cheating have remained broadly the same, with about a fifth of students owning up to having cheated at some stage. Very few of these say that this was detected.
但此次調(diào)查表明，這并沒能改變學(xué)生們的行為，學(xué)術(shù)欺騙的程度與以往大致相當(dāng)。大約五分之一的畢業(yè)生承認(rèn)曾經(jīng)作弊。只有極少數(shù)人表示作弊被發(fā)現(xiàn)。
9. Widening access.
如何招生惹爭(zhēng)議
Entrance to top universities is always controversial. More than 60% back the principle of affirmative action and prioritising the admission of some students based on ethnicity. It was most popular among black and Hispanic graduates and least popular among Asian and white graduates.
世界頂級(jí)學(xué)府的入學(xué)機(jī)制一直備受爭(zhēng)議。超過60%的哈佛畢業(yè)生支持“平權(quán)法案”，認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)當(dāng)優(yōu)先錄取某些種族的生源。非洲裔和西班牙裔畢業(yè)生最支持這項(xiàng)政策，而亞裔和白人學(xué)生最不歡迎。
10. What next?
畢業(yè)去向較為集中
These graduates are entering an era of polarised views. These new high-flyers are not going to be spread across the country - they're planning careers that will see them clustering in three areas, New York, Massachusetts and California. About a 10th expect to head overseas. The biggest job destinations immediately after college are consulting, finance and technology. But if this gives a picture of where the new money will be made, 60% of the new graduates still expect to be depending on money from their parents.
畢業(yè)生們正進(jìn)入多元化時(shí)代。但這些優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生們卻沒有奔赴全美各地，他們的就業(yè)選擇集中在美國(guó)紐約、馬薩諸塞州和加州。另有大約十分之一的畢業(yè)生期望海外就業(yè)和深造。畢業(yè)生們的首個(gè)工作選擇主要集中在咨詢、金融和技術(shù)行業(yè)。當(dāng)被問及將如何賺取人生第一桶金時(shí)，60%的哈佛畢業(yè)生仍期望從父母那里獲得資金支持。
