中國人大財經(jīng)委副主任警示地產(chǎn)風(fēng)險

A top Chinese lawmaker has warned that profiteering by real estate developers is sapping the lifeblood from China’s economy, as authorities make efforts to contain runaway property prices.

中國最高立法機關(guān)的一位代表警告稱，房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商牟取暴利的行為正在削弱中國經(jīng)濟的生命力。目前，中國當(dāng)局正在采取措施努力遏制失控的房價。

Strong growth of real estate prices, sales and construction has powered China’s economy this year, putting gross domestic product on the path to its first annual growth acceleration since 2010.

今年以來，房地產(chǎn)價格、銷售和建設(shè)活動的強勁增長推動了中國經(jīng)濟增長，使國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)有望實現(xiàn)自2010年以來的首次年度增長加速。

Meanwhile, an index of Hong Kong-listed mainland property shares has risen 68 per cent this year, propelling property tycoons such as Evergrande Group’s Hui Ka Yan up the ranks of China’s rich list, despite his company’s heavy debt load.

與此同時，一項涵蓋在香港上市的內(nèi)地房地產(chǎn)公司的股票指數(shù)今年已上漲68%，推升了恒大集團(Evergrande Group)董事長許家印(Hui Ka Yan)等地產(chǎn)大亨在中國富豪榜上的排名——盡管許家印的公司負(fù)債嚴(yán)重。

But authorities are increasingly concerned that the reliance on property for growth is fuelling financial risk and encouraging speculation rather than investment in the real economy.

但當(dāng)局越來越擔(dān)心，經(jīng)濟增長對房地產(chǎn)的依賴正在助長金融風(fēng)險，而且鼓勵的是投機，而非對實體經(jīng)濟的投資。

“The real estate industry’s excessive prosperity has not only kidnapped local governments but also kidnapped financial institutions — restraining and even harming the development of the real economy, inflating asset bubbles and accumulating debt risk,” Yin Zhongqing, deputy director of the finance and economics committee of the National People’s Congress, said in a speech on Thursday.

全國人大財經(jīng)委員會副主任尹中卿周四在一場演講中表示：“房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的過度繁榮不僅綁架了地方政府，也綁架了金融機構(gòu)，抑制甚至損害了實體經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，吹大了資產(chǎn)泡沫，積累了欠債風(fēng)險。”

“The biggest problem currently facing the country is how to reduce reliance on real estate,” he added.

“當(dāng)前我國面臨的最大難題就是如何減少經(jīng)濟增長對房地產(chǎn)的依賴，”他補充說。

Some Beijing banks are preparing to raise interest rates on home mortgages for first-time buyers, Hexun, a local news website, reported on Thursday. Big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen have seen the fastest price rises during the past 18 months.

中國本地新聞網(wǎng)站和訊(Hexun)周四報道稱，北京部分銀行正準(zhǔn)備上調(diào)針對首次購房者的住房抵押貸款利率。過去18個月內(nèi)，北京、上海和深圳等大城市出現(xiàn)了有史以來最迅猛的房價上漲。

Previous rounds of tightening have focused on second-time buyers. A move to cut credit to first-home purchases would mark an escalation in efforts to restrain prices. But analysts say that Beijing will be careful not to strangle the market, given its importance to the broader economy.

前幾輪調(diào)控針對的都是二套房購買者。收緊首套房貸的舉措標(biāo)志著遏制房價過快上漲努力的升級。但分析師表示，鑒于房地產(chǎn)對中國整體經(jīng)濟的重要性，中國政府將謹(jǐn)慎行事，以免扼殺這一市場。

“The goal of property control policies is to stabilise the market, not to send it into a stupor,” said Yan Yuejin, research director of E-house China R&D Institute.

“房地產(chǎn)調(diào)控政策的目標(biāo)是穩(wěn)定房地產(chǎn)市場，而非讓其陷入停頓，”易居房地產(chǎn)研究院(E-house China R&D Institute)研究總監(jiān)嚴(yán)躍進表示。

Longstanding efforts to implement a property holding tax have stalled in the face of political opposition from homeowners.

由于房產(chǎn)所有者在政治上的反對，實施房產(chǎn)稅的長期努力已陷入停滯。

A parallel effort to deal with housing affordability is focused on developing the Chinese rental market. China’s households are traditionally reluctant to rent apartments because of concern over a lack of stability and a belief that spending on rent is a wasteful alternative to building home equity.

解決住房負(fù)擔(dān)能力的另一項努力著眼于發(fā)展住房租賃市場。中國家庭傳統(tǒng)上不愿意租房居住，原因是擔(dān)心不穩(wěn)定，而且認(rèn)為相對于擁有房產(chǎn)，花錢租房是一種不經(jīng)濟的選擇。

But beyond such cultural barriers, Chinese rental markets are often dysfunctional. Unscrupulous property agents post fake rental advertisements and demand large commissions.

但除了此類文化障礙之外，中國的住房租賃市場還常常無法正常運轉(zhuǎn)。不良房產(chǎn)中介發(fā)布虛假房屋出租信息，并索取不菲傭金。

The Hangzhou city housing bureau this week said it was joining with online shopping group Alibaba, which is based in Hangzhou, to create the country’s first smart housing rental platform. Hangzhou is one of 12 cities that the housing ministry selected last month for a pilot project to improve local rental markets.

本周，杭州市住房保障和房產(chǎn)管理局宣布，將與總部位于杭州的電子商務(wù)集團阿里巴巴(Alibaba)聯(lián)手打造中國首個智慧住房租賃平臺。杭州是中國住建部為改善地方住房租賃市場選定的12個試點城市之一。

Alibaba will partner with its financial affiliate, Ant Financial to create a consolidated database of rental units from public housing, real estate developers, real estate agents and individuals.

阿里巴巴將與旗下金融關(guān)聯(lián)公司螞蟻金服(Ant Financial)合作，創(chuàng)建一個包括公共住房以及來自開發(fā)商、房地產(chǎn)中介和個人的房源的綜合數(shù)據(jù)庫。

Sesame Credit, Ant Financial’s credit ratings unit, will provide data to enable some flats to be rented with no security deposit. The ratings will also rely on buyer ratings on Taobao, Alibaba’s ecommerce platform.

螞蟻金服的信用評級部門“芝麻信用”(Sesame Credit)將提供信用數(shù)據(jù)，使租客無需繳納押金即可租住部分公寓。該評級還將依賴租客在阿里巴巴旗下電商平臺淘寶(Taobao)上的買家評分。