伊朗核談：各方輸贏

The history books will show that both sides got their fair share of wins and both made major concessions.

歷史將會見證，此次核談判雙方均有所斬獲，也做了重要讓步。

WINS FOR THE WORLD POWERS:

世界各國所得：

Dismantling

廢除

Most importantly for the United States, Iran has agreed to dismantle most of its nuclear program, guaranteeing they would not be able to make a bomb for at least one year, over the course of 10 years.

對美國來說最重要的收獲，伊朗同意廢除大部分核計劃，確保在未來10年當(dāng)中，伊朗沒有能力在一年內(nèi)制造出核彈。

Centrifuges

離心機

Iran’s 19,000 installed centrifuges will have to be cut to no more than 6,104 for the next 10 years. The 13,000 decommissioned centrifuges will be sent to monitored storage by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

伊朗目前已安裝的1.9萬臺離心機將被縮減至6104臺以下。1.3萬臺拆解的離心機將被移送至由國際原子能機構(gòu)監(jiān)控的存放地點。

Stockpile

儲備

Iran has also agreed to reduce its stockpile of enriched uranium (the material needed to make a bomb) by 98 percent and agreed to halt further enrichment. That material would either be diluted or sold.

伊朗還同意將濃縮鈾(制造核彈的材料)的儲備減少98%，并中止鈾濃縮項目。削減的濃縮鈾將被稀釋或者出售。

Arak

阿拉克

The heavy water nuclear reactor in Arak will be redesigned, preventing Iran from producing weapons grade plutonium there. Iran will ship the spent fuel from Arak and over the next 15 years Iran will not build any new heavy water reactors.

位于阿拉克的重水核子反應(yīng)爐將被重新設(shè)計，以防止伊朗生產(chǎn)武器級別的钚。伊朗將運走阿拉克基地內(nèi)的燃料，在未來15年內(nèi)都不會再建造任何新的重水反應(yīng)堆。

Fordow

福爾道

Iran will convert its deeply buried Fordow nuclear facility into a nuclear, physics and technology center.

伊朗會將福爾道深埋的核設(shè)施改造成核物理技術(shù)中心。

Snap Back

迅速恢復(fù)

If Iran breaks its commitments, all sanctions could be quickly snapped back into place, according to the terms of the agreement.

談判協(xié)議規(guī)定，如果伊朗不履行承諾，所有的制裁將迅速恢復(fù)。

WINS FOR IRAN:

伊朗所得：

Sanctions

制裁

Iran is most pleased with the impending relief of economic sanctions. Once it has been verified that Iran has committed to dismantling its centrifuges and diluting or selling its stockpile of enriched uranium, all economic sanctions will be lifted, effectively releasing over $100 billion in frozen Iranian assets. Economic relief was the driving incentive for Iran.

伊朗最歡欣鼓舞的就是即將解除的經(jīng)濟制裁。一旦確認(rèn)伊朗拆除了離心機，稀釋或出售了濃縮鈾儲備，所有經(jīng)濟制裁將被解除，超過1000億美元的伊朗資產(chǎn)將被解凍。經(jīng)濟制裁解除是伊朗的主要動力。

Inspections of Military Sites

視察軍事基地

Most observers are likely to interpret the inspection, as it applies specifically to military sites, as a victory for Iran. UN inspectors can demand access to nuclear facilities on Iran military sites, but they aren’t immediate or even guaranteed. Any inspections at those sites would need to be approved by a joint commission composed of one member from each of the negotiating parties. The process for approving those inspections could take as many as 24 days, which critics will claim is enough time for Iran to cover up any non-compliance.

大多數(shù)觀察員都可能把這種視察看做伊朗的勝利，這里的視察是專門針對軍事基地而言的。聯(lián)合國的視察人員可以要求進入伊朗軍事基地的核設(shè)施，但是不能立即得到準(zhǔn)許，也不能保證得到準(zhǔn)許。視察這些基地的要求需得到談判雙方共同組成的聯(lián)合委員會的批準(zhǔn)。整個審批流程最長可持續(xù)24天，批評人士認(rèn)為在這期間，伊朗完全有時間隱藏任何違規(guī)行為。

Arms Embargo

武器禁運

The final win for Iran is the gradual lifting of an international arms embargo. The accord states that Iran will be permitted to buy and sell conventional arms on the international market in five years; and in eight years they’ll be able to do the same with ballistic missiles. The embargo was a major sticking point throughout the talks, with Iran demanding it be lifted.

伊朗的最后一個所得就是逐漸解除的國際武器禁運令。協(xié)議規(guī)定，5年后，伊朗可以在國際市場上購買和出售傳統(tǒng)類別的武器;8年后，可以購買和出售彈道導(dǎo)彈。武器禁運令是此次談判中最為膠著的一個議題，伊朗一直要求解除此禁令。

Research and Development

研發(fā)

Iran gets to continue to conduct research and development related to its nuclear program. There will be certain limitations, but essentially they will be allowed research enrichment activities, as long as it is for peaceful purposes.

伊朗可以繼續(xù)核項目研發(fā)。他們的研發(fā)活動會有些限制，不過，只要是為了和平的目的，他們可以開展?jié)饪s研究活動。

Vocabulary

dismantle: 廢除，解除

centrifuge: 離心機

enriched uranium: 濃縮鈾

plutonium: 钚