中國歷史名人 郭守敬

Guo Shoujing (1231~1316) was a Chineseastronomer, engineer, and mathematician.

郭守敬(1231~1316)，天文學(xué)家、數(shù)學(xué)家。

His grandfather was Guo Yang, a noted scholar.

其祖父郭榮是著名學(xué)者。

By the age of fourteen Guo Shoujing designed awater clock and at sixteen he was studyingmathematics.

14歲郭守敬發(fā)明了水鐘，16歲學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)，改進(jìn)了日晷和圭表。在忽必烈的天文臺(tái)工作，他編制了《授時(shí)歷》，計(jì)算出每年有365.2425天。

He worked on improving the Chinese gnomon and worked at Kublai Khan's observatory. Therehe formulated the Shoushi calendar and calculated the year to be 365. 2425 days.

這與《格利高里歷》是一樣的，但是早了將近300年。

This is the Same as the Gregorian calendar, but almost three centuries earlier.

接下來的364年用的都是《授時(shí)歷》。

It would be used for the next 364 years.

郭守敬還做了與球面三角有關(guān)的工作。

He also did work relating to spherical trigonometry.

郭守敬是中國古代著名的水利工程師和數(shù)學(xué)家。

He is a famous ancient Chinese hydraulic engineer and mathematician.

郭守敬改進(jìn)了歷法，算出每年有365天5小時(shí)36分11秒，與精確值只錯(cuò)了50秒。

He improved the calendar and was off by only 50 seconds. He calculated a year was 365 days5 hours 36 minutes and 11 seconds.

盡管郭守敬在歷法上做出很大的成績，但是他卻認(rèn)為圓周率是3，而不像祖沖之的3.14159265和張衡的3. 142那么精確。

Although he did a great deal on the modern calendar, he suggested pi 3, unlike Zu Chongzhi's3. 14159265 and Zhang Heng's 3. 142. In engineering he is best known for constructing theartificial Kunming Lake in Beijing as a reservoir and part of a new waterway for graintransport.

在工程學(xué)上，郭守敬最著名的是修建了北京昆明湖，用作水庫和運(yùn)糧水路的一部分。

Asteroid 2012 Guo Shou-Jing was named after him.

編號(hào)為2012號(hào)小行星被命名為“郭守敬星”。