中英雙語話歷史:東晉的統(tǒng)治

　　Failed to earn himself credits as a member of royalfamily before coming to power, together with hisordinary capability , Sima Rui was not supported bythe big northern immigrant landlords and thesouthern gentry.

　　司馬睿即位后，因為他在皇族中聲望不夠，本人才能平平,所以得不到南北士族的支持，皇位不穩(wěn)。

　　As he had little to start out with as an emperor now,Sima Rui enlisted the support of statesman WangDao, who wisely brought together the two powerfulgroups in a joint effort to prop up the newlyestablished dynasty in southern China. Thus the Eastern Jin*s governing in the south wassustained.

　　但是,他重用了政治家王導。王導運用策略，使南方士族支持司馬睿,北方南遷的士族也決意擁護司馬睿，穩(wěn)定了東晉政權, 維持了偏安局面。

　　Out of gratitude, Wang Dao was assumed the position of the chief Minister in control of thecourt and Wang Dun, the half brother of Wang Dao, grasped the power of army forces anddefense. Besides ,other main posts in court were in the hands of Wang’s families as well.

　　司馬睿十分感激王導，任他為宰相，執(zhí)掌朝政，讓王導的堂兄王敦都督軍事，握有重兵，控制軍權，其他重要的官職，大多數(shù)也由王導家族擔任。

　　Virtually, it was a joint ruling of Sima Rui and Wang Dao in the Eastern Jin govern-ment.

　　東晉王朝，實際上是王導和司馬睿共同掌握的。

　　Upon the ceremony of ascending the throne, Sima Rui repeatedly invited Wang Dao to sittogether with him, which meant the sharing of authority, and was declined by the latter.

　　司馬睿在登基大典上,幾次請王導和他一起坐上寶座,接受群臣拜賀，王導謝絕。

　　No wander there was word that“Wang and Ma (Sima Rui)，under the sun”.

　　時人曾流傳說:“王與馬，共天下。”

　　Being well accepted by his people, Sima Rui became unsatisfied with the situation of sharingpower with Wang Dao, and he kept close terms with Liu Kui and Diao Xie，meaning to dent theinfluence of Wang Dao in the court. He made an unsuccessful conspiracy to removethoroughly Wang Dao's weight resulting from the fact that Wang Dun, hearing the words, tookan initial strike, defeated Liu Kui in Wuchang (now Hubei), breezed through Jiankang, thecapital, and killed Diao Xie.

　　司馬睿在穩(wěn)定了皇位后，開始不滿“王馬共天下”的局面，就起用劉隗、刁協(xié)為心腹，以削弱王導勢力，并暗中進行軍事部署，試圖最終全面排除王導勢力。王敦先發(fā)制人,從武昌(今屬湖北)起兵擊敗劉隗，進入建康，殺死刁協(xié)。

　　It was under Wang Dao ’ s persuasion that Wang Dun withdrew to Wuchang leaving thepower still in the hands of Wang Dao.

　　在王導的勸說下，王敦才退兵武昌，政權仍然由王導控制。

　　Realizing that there was no way to restrict the weight of Wang Dao and his order was like tothat of the deaf ears despite he was the emperor, Sima Rui was upset and fell ill as the timebeing.

　　司馬睿見無法動搖王導勢力，自己名為天子，號令卻不出宮門，漸漸憂憤成病，臥床不起。

　　As the last resort, he appointed Situ Xunzu, the only minister could be trusted, Tai Wei(officials in charge of the army force in court) and the Guard of the Apparent Emperor withpurpose to suppress Wang Dao.

　　他想到大臣中只有司徒荀組對自己比較忠順，就任命他為太尉兼領太子太保，打算讓他參與朝政，鉗制王導。

　　However, Situ Xunzu was ill and died shortly afterwards. Sima Rui was even mourned, and washis illness aggravated. On a night in November 322, Sima Rur^

　　died in his adytum leaving last order that his son, Sima Shao would succeed him.

　　不料司徒荀組受任不久就病死，司馬眷更加憂傷，病勢加重，公元322年11月的一個晚上，司馬睿病死于建康宮中的內殿。遺詔宣布由太子司馬紹繼位。