“must+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè),譯成“一定做過(guò)某事”,該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。
“can't+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的否定推測(cè),譯成“不可能做過(guò)某事”“can+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑,用于疑問(wèn)句,譯成“可能做過(guò)……嗎?”。
1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+done用法
一、“must+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè),譯成“一定做過(guò)某事”,該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了,因?yàn)榈孛孢€是濕的。
2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.
你和仆人說(shuō)話,一定是發(fā)瘋了。
二、“can't+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的否定推測(cè),譯成“不可能做過(guò)某事”。
1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
史密斯先生不可能去北京了,我剛才還在圖書(shū)館見(jiàn)過(guò)他。
2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home.
瑪麗不可能偷你的錢(qián),她回家去了。
三、“can+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑,用于疑問(wèn)句,譯成“可能做過(guò)……嗎?”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?
屋里沒(méi)有燈,他們可能出去了嗎?
2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone?
到處找不到他們,他們可能到什么地方去呢?
四、“could+have+done”是虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè),意思是本來(lái)能夠做某事而沒(méi)有做。
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.
本來(lái)他能夠通過(guò)考試,但是他太粗心。
五、“may+have+done”表示對(duì)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情的推測(cè),意思是“可能已經(jīng)”或“也許已經(jīng)”,用于肯定句中。
—What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost.
—喬治發(fā)生了什么事? ——我不知道,他可能迷路了。
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