甲狀腺功能減退癥患者不宜吃什么食物?

甲狀腺功能減退癥患者不宜吃什么食物?

Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disease in which thyroid function is disrupted, preventing the organ from producing enough hormones such as thyroxine, T3, and T4 - which are essential for the body's metabolism. People with hypothyroidism can have hypocalcemia, which greatly affects the heart, nervous system and the process of regulating heat in the body.

甲狀腺功能減退癥是一種內(nèi)分泌疾病，導(dǎo)致甲狀腺功能紊亂，無(wú)法產(chǎn)生足夠的甲狀腺素，T3和T4等對(duì)人體新陳代謝至關(guān)重要的激素。甲狀腺功能減退癥患者會(huì)出現(xiàn)低鈣血癥，嚴(yán)重影響心臟、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和體內(nèi)調(diào)節(jié)體溫的過(guò)程。

Hypothyroidism is not an easy disease to treat, and daily diet also significantly affects the patient's treatment.

甲狀腺功能減退癥不是一種容易治療的疾病，日常飲食也顯著影響患者的治療。

Certain nutrients can have a significant effect on thyroid function, and some foods inhibit the absorption of the replacement hormones you need to treat hypothyroidism.

某些營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)對(duì)甲狀腺功能有顯著影響，一些食物會(huì)抑制治療甲狀腺功能減退所需的替代激素的吸收。

The foods are not good for people with hypothyroidism

這些食物對(duì)甲狀腺功能減退的人不好

Foods containing soybeans (boiled soybeans, tofu, miso ...)

含黃豆的食物(煮黃豆、豆腐、味噌等)

Soy contains isoflavones - a compound that has the ability to negatively impact the thyroid gland. Some researchers believe that eating too much soybeans can increase the risk of hypothyroidism. However, according to a study published in Scientific Reports in March 2019, soy has no effect on thyroid hormones and the increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone is also minimal.

大豆含有異黃酮——一種對(duì)甲狀腺有負(fù)面影響的化合物。一些研究人員認(rèn)為，吃太多大豆會(huì)增加患甲狀腺功能減退癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。然而，根據(jù)2019年3月發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報(bào)告》上的一項(xiàng)研究，大豆對(duì)甲狀腺激素沒(méi)有影響，而且促甲狀腺激素的增加也是微乎其微的。

However, a few other studies also show that soy consumption can affect the ability to absorb thyroid medicine. Therefore, you should only take the drug after at least 4 hours of eating soybeans.

然而，其他一些研究也表明大豆的攝入會(huì)影響甲狀腺藥物的吸收能力。因此，你應(yīng)該在食用大豆至少4小時(shí)后服用該藥。

Cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower ...)

十字花科蔬菜(西蘭花，花菜…)

Cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli and cabbage, are loaded with fiber and other nutrients. However, they can interfere with thyroid hormone production if you have an iodine deficiency. Therefore, you should limit your intake of Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, turnips, chard ...

十字花科蔬菜，如花椰菜和卷心菜，富含纖維和其他營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。然而，如果你患有碘缺乏癥，它們會(huì)干擾甲狀腺激素的產(chǎn)生。因此，你應(yīng)該限制你的球芽甘藍(lán)，卷心菜，花椰菜，羽衣甘藍(lán)，蘿卜，甜菜的攝入量…

Many studies show that eating these vegetables can prevent the thyroid from using iodine, which is essential for the thyroid to function properly. However, according to the Mayo Clinic, it takes large amounts of cruciferous vegetables to actually impact iodine absorption.

許多研究表明，食用這些蔬菜可以防止甲狀腺使用碘，而碘是甲狀腺正常工作所必需的。然而，根據(jù)梅奧診所的說(shuō)法，需要大量的十字花科蔬菜才能真正影響碘的吸收。

Patients with hypothyroidism and iodine deficiency can still eat these cruciferous vegetables, but they must be thoroughly cooked to minimize their impact on the thyroid gland. In addition, you should also not eat these vegetables more than 140g / day.

甲狀腺功能減退和碘缺乏的患者仍然可以吃這些十字花科蔬菜，但必須徹底煮熟，以減少它們對(duì)甲狀腺的影響。此外，你也不應(yīng)該吃這些蔬菜超過(guò)140克/天。

Gluten-containing foods (bread, pasta, rice ...)

含谷蛋白食物(面包、意大利面、米飯……)

According to Ruth Frechman - a nutritionist and spokesperson for the Institute of Nutrition in Los Angeles, patients with hypothyroidism should limit their intake of gluten - a protein found in processed foods such as wheat, barley, and rice. rye and decent grains. If you have Celiac disease, gluten can irritate the small intestine and interfere with the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement medications.

據(jù)營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家兼洛杉磯營(yíng)養(yǎng)研究所發(fā)言人Ruth Frechman說(shuō)，甲狀腺功能減退癥患者應(yīng)該限制麩質(zhì)的攝入量。麩質(zhì)是一種存在于加工食品如小麥、大麥和大米中的蛋白質(zhì)。黑麥和優(yōu)質(zhì)谷物。如果你患有乳糜瀉，谷蛋白會(huì)刺激小腸干擾甲狀腺激素替代藥物的吸收。

A study published in the journal Endocrine Connections in May 2017 found that hypothyroidism and Celiac disease often appear together. Currently, there are no studies to prove that a gluten-free diet can cure hypothyroidism, but it may have some benefits for women with hypothyroidism.

2017年5月發(fā)表在《內(nèi)分泌聯(lián)系》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，甲狀腺功能減退癥和乳糜瀉經(jīng)常同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。目前，還沒(méi)有研究證明無(wú)谷蛋白飲食可以治療甲狀腺功能減退癥，但它可能對(duì)甲狀腺功能減退癥的女性有一些好處。

Fatty foods (butter, meat, fried foods ...)

高脂肪食品(黃油、肉類(lèi)、油炸食品……)

Fat can interfere with your ability to absorb thyroid hormone replacement drugs, says Stephanie Lee, deputy head of the Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Diabetes at the Boston Medical Center.

波士頓醫(yī)療中心內(nèi)分泌、營(yíng)養(yǎng)和糖尿病科副主任斯蒂芬妮·李說(shuō)，脂肪會(huì)影響你吸收甲狀腺激素替代藥物的能力。

Fat can also affect the thyroid's ability to produce hormones. Some health care experts recommend that you should completely eliminate fried foods and fatty products such as butter, mayonnaise, margarine, fatty meats ...

脂肪還會(huì)影響甲狀腺產(chǎn)生激素的能力。一些健康專(zhuān)家建議，你應(yīng)該完全排除油炸食品和脂肪類(lèi)產(chǎn)品，如黃油、蛋黃醬、人造黃油、肥肉……

The coffee

咖啡

Scientists have discovered that the caffeine in coffee has the ability to block the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement drugs. "People on thyroid medication and drinking coffee for breakfast make thyroid hormone levels difficult to control, making it difficult for doctors," said Dr. Lee. She also advises everyone to take the pill with water, as well as only drink coffee after at least 30 minutes of medication.

科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，咖啡中的咖啡因能夠阻止甲狀腺激素替代藥物的吸收。“服用甲狀腺藥物和早餐喝咖啡的人很難控制甲狀腺激素水平，這給醫(yī)生造成了困難，”李博士說(shuō)。她還建議每個(gè)人都要用水服藥，并且只能在服藥至少30分鐘后喝咖啡。

Foods high in sugar

高糖食物

Hypothyroidism can slow down your metabolism, making it easier to gain weight if you're not careful. "You should avoid foods high in sugar because they are high in calories with no nutrients," says nutritionist Frechman.

甲狀腺功能減退會(huì)減慢你的新陳代謝，如果你不小心，就很容易發(fā)胖。“你應(yīng)該避免高糖的食物，因?yàn)樗鼈兪歉邿崃?，沒(méi)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的。”營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家Frechman說(shuō)。