時間型的人不僅僅是早起的人和夜貓子

時間型的人不僅僅是早起的人和夜貓子

Until recently, researchers thought there were only two kinds of people: those who vaulted out of bed easily in the morning but started to fade after dinner and those who were groggy most of the morning but were at their peak in the evenings. Depending on whether you thrive in the a.m. or the p.m., you're either a morning person or a night owl.

直到最近，研究人員還認為只有兩種人:一種人早上很容易從床上跳起來，但在晚飯后就開始衰弱;另一種人早上大部分時間都昏昏沉沉，但在晚上處于巔峰狀態(tài)。這取決于你是在上午還是下午精力充沛。你要么是個早起的人，要么是個夜貓子。

All the kids in this retro photo don’t have the same chronotype, meaning more than one of them may have fallen asleep the afternoon after this photo was taken. (Photo: Roman Nerud/Shutterstock.com)

But if you don't see yourself in either category, new research offers two labels that might offer a better fit. A study published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences defines two new chronotypes — which are personality types based on when you're most alert and when you're most likely to want to sleep. The researchers call them the "napper" and "afternoon" chronotypes.

但如果你不認為自己屬于這兩類，新的研究提供了兩種可能更適合你的標簽。發(fā)表在《個性與個體差異》雜志上的一項研究定義了兩種新的時間類型——一種是基于你什么時候最警覺，什么時候最有可能想睡覺。研究人員稱他們?yōu)?ldquo;午睡者”和“下午型”。

Here's a look at all four types so you can figure out which one you are and can plan your day (and night) accordingly. If you aren't sure, this quiz can help you narrow it down to morning and evening, and it does include the newest napper and afternoon personality types.

下面我們來看看這四種類型，這樣你就能知道你是哪一種，并據(jù)此計劃你的白天(和晚上)。如果你不確定，這個測試可以幫助你把范圍縮小到早上和晚上，包括最新的午睡者和下午的性格類型。

Morning larks

早上云雀

Morning people love sunrise and are at their best in the morning. (Photo: lzf/Shutterstock)

Morning people are early risers who often wake up before their alarms, or at least have little trouble getting out of bed when it's time to start the day. They are most alert and do their best work earlier in the day and begin to fade as the day goes on. They typically go to bed early or at a fairly traditional hour.

早起的人是經(jīng)常在鬧鐘響之前醒來的人，或者至少在開始新一天的時候起床沒有什么困難。他們在一天的早些時候最警覺，工作做得最好，隨著時間的推移，他們開始變得遲鈍。他們通常早睡或在一個相當傳統(tǒng)的時間睡覺。

Night owls

夜貓子

Night owls thrive late in the evening. (Photo: GaudiLab/Shutterstock)

Night owls would sleep in until late morning (or later) if given the chance, but often slog through the mornings, not reaching their peak until much later in the day. They're often at their best in the evenings and can toil into the wee hours, not going to bed until very late, still studying or working while others have gone to sleep.

如果有機會，夜貓子會睡到很晚(或更晚)，但他們通常會熬過早晨，直到白天很晚才達到頂峰。他們通常在晚上處于最佳狀態(tài)，可以辛苦工作到凌晨，直到很晚才上床睡覺，在別人睡覺時還在學習或工作。

Nappers

打盹的人(小睡型)

Nappers are sleepiest in the afternoons. (Photo: WAYHOME studio/Shutterstock)

The newly defined napper types are sleepiest in the afternoon vs. the morning or the evening. They start out very alert in the mornings and stay that way until about 11 a.m., according to Psychology Today. Then they get more and more drowsy, which peaks in mid-afternoon around 3 p.m. After that, they become alert again until about 10 p.m. and then get sleepy again.

新定義的小睡者類型在下午比在早上或晚上更困。他們早上一開始非常警覺，一直保持到11點左右。據(jù)《今日心理學》報道。然后他們會越來越困倦，下午三點左右達到頂峰。在那之后，他們會再次保持警覺，直到晚上10點左右，然后再次犯困。

Afternoon people

下午警覺的人

Guess when afternoon people hit their peak? (Photo: Pereslavtseva Katerina/Shutterstock)

Also newly defined, afternoon types are sleepy both in the morning and in the evening. Afternoon chronotypes are the most alert and at their peak in the afternoons. They start to become alert around 11 a.m. and that alertness stays high until about 5 p.m., when they become sleepy again.

同樣是新定義的，下午型的人在早上和晚上都昏昏欲睡。下午的時間類型是最警覺的，在下午達到高峰。他們在上午11點左右開始警覺，這種警覺一直保持到下午5點左右，之后他們再次犯困。