2022年11月18日 VOA慢速英語：專家：分裂的美國國會可能達(dá)成的協(xié)議很少

 

The 118th United States Congress will be closely divided between the Republican and Democratic Parties. The Republicans won control of the House of Representatives in the November 8 elections. Democrats added to their majority in the Senate.
第118屆美國國會將在共和黨和民主黨之間嚴(yán)重分裂。共和黨在 11 月 8 日的選舉中贏得了眾議院的控制權(quán)。民主黨在參議院占多數(shù)。
 
Final results of several races remain in question. But, those results will not change the political representation by much. The majorities in both houses will be small.
幾場比賽的最終結(jié)果仍有疑問。但是，這些結(jié)果不會對政治代表性產(chǎn)生太大影響。兩院的多數(shù)席位都將很小。
 
Some political experts think a closely divided Congress will not be able to agree on many issues. The U.S. Congress has been closely divided for several years.
一些政治專家認(rèn)為，分歧嚴(yán)重的國會將無法在許多問題上達(dá)成一致。多年來，美國國會一直存在嚴(yán)重分歧。
 
VOA spoke to David King, a politics and public policy expert at Harvard University. When asked what the American public should expect from the new Congress, King answered: "More of the same."
美國之音采訪了哈佛大學(xué)政治和公共政策專家大衛(wèi)金。當(dāng)被問及美國公眾對新國會有何期待時，金回答說：“更多的是相同的。”
 
King said most of the power in Congress is controlled by a small number of people at the top.
金說，國會的大部分權(quán)力都掌握在少數(shù)高層人士手中.
 
"The power in Congress will be held in the hands of a few leaders. Most of the members of Congress will stick very close to their party, because neither one can afford to lose a couple of key votes," he said.
“國會的權(quán)力將掌握在少數(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人手中。大多數(shù)國會議員將非常接近他們的政黨，因為任何人都不能失去幾張關(guān)鍵選票，”他說。
 
King says Congress is likely to pass only budget-related bills that pay for the most basic government operations. He added that members of Congress will already be acting in consideration of possible results of the 2024 presidential election.
金說，國會很可能只通過支付最基本政府運作費用的預(yù)算相關(guān)法案。他補(bǔ)充說，國會議員已經(jīng)在考慮 2024 年總統(tǒng)選舉的可能結(jié)果。
 
However, some experts are more hopeful. G. William Hoagland is a vice president at the Bipartisan Policy Center in Washington. He told VOA that congressional leaders might find issues on which they can work together.
然而，一些專家對此抱有更大的希望。 G. William Hoagland 是華盛頓兩黨政策中心的副總裁。他告訴美國之音，國會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人可能會找到他們可以共同努力的問題。
 
He said, "I think it's possible that there could still be some successful legislative achievement."
他說，“我認(rèn)為仍有可能取得一些成功的立法成就。”
 
Hoagland noted immigration as one such issue. Republicans want increased border security. Democrats want a path to legal standing for undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children. It might be possible, Hoagland said, for new legislation aimed at reaching both goals.
霍格蘭將移民問題列為此類問題之一。共和黨人希望加強(qiáng)邊境安全。民主黨人希望為兒童時期帶到美國的無證移民提供合法地位的途徑。 Hoagland 說，有可能制定旨在實現(xiàn)這兩個目標(biāo)的新立法。
 
The newly-divided Congress might make it more difficult for President Biden to get his policies made into law. Biden may narrow his aims as a result, Hoagland suggested. He said the president could center his efforts on supporting the operation of major acts already passed. These include the Inflation Reduction Act, with its huge investments in the fight against climate change, and the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.
新分裂的國會可能會讓拜登總統(tǒng)更難將他的政策寫入法律。霍格蘭建議，拜登可能會因此縮小他的目標(biāo)。他說，總統(tǒng)可以集中精力支持已經(jīng)通過的主要法案的運作。其中包括《降低通貨膨脹法》及其在應(yīng)對氣候變化方面的巨額投資，以及《基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資和就業(yè)法》。
 
 
Democrats had controlled both houses of Congress before November's elections.
民主黨在 11 月的選舉前控制了國會兩院。
 
King, of Harvard University, said that Biden might look more to international issues if progress at home becomes difficult.
哈佛大學(xué)的金表示，如果在國內(nèi)取得進(jìn)展變得困難，拜登可能會更多地關(guān)注國際問題。
Leadership positions
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層positions
 
In the Senate, Majority Leader Chuck Schumer is expected to keep his position. On Wednesday, Minority Leader Mitch McConnell fought off a challenge by Senator Rick Scott and was reelected to his position.
在參議院，多數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖查克舒默有望保住他的職位。周三，少數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖米奇·麥康奈爾（Mitch McConnell）與參議員里克·斯科特（Rick Scott）一起挑戰(zhàn)，并連任他的職位。
 
 
Leadership of the House is less certain. Republican Kevin McCarthy won his party's nomination to be Speaker. However, without support of more conservative Republicans, he might not be able to win the position.
眾議院的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位不太確定。共和黨人凱文麥卡錫贏得了他所在黨派的議長提名。然而，如果沒有更保守的共和黨人的支持，他可能無法贏得這個職位。
 
Current Speaker of the House, Nancy Pelosi, has announced that she will not seek any leadership position when the new congress takes office in January.
現(xiàn)任眾議院議長南希佩洛西宣布，她不會在新一屆國會上尋求任何領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位
 
Investigations expected
預(yù)計將進(jìn)行調(diào)查
 
All the experts VOA spoke with agreed that new and strong investigations into the Biden administration and into the president's family will take place in the House. Republicans have promised to look into Biden administration actions at the southern border and into the business dealings of the president's son, Hunter Biden.
美國之音采訪的所有專家都同意，將在眾議院對拜登政府和總統(tǒng)的家人進(jìn)行新的強(qiáng)有力的調(diào)查.共和黨人已承諾調(diào)查拜登政府在南部邊境的行動以及總統(tǒng)之子亨特·拜登的商業(yè)往來。