含有think, believe的句子如果表示否定的意義,那么否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到think, believe的前面。如:I don’t think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不對。I don’t believe you can do it. 我相信你不能做這件事。
1、主語是第一人稱(I,we);
2、主句謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時;
3、謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect。
另外,這種結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句,疑問問部分要與從句保持一致。
一、動詞的否定轉(zhuǎn)移
1. 形式上否定謂語動詞,實(shí)際上否定復(fù)合賓語
當(dāng)動詞think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel, find的主語是第一人稱、謂語動詞為沒有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時,它們前面的否定式實(shí)際上是對復(fù)合賓語的否定。表示說話者所提出的一種委婉的看法或主張。如:
I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)不難。
I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我認(rèn)為這個故事沒有趣。
I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我認(rèn)為不會。
注意:動詞think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel在下列情況下,否定不轉(zhuǎn)移:
(1) 這些動詞跟其他另一個動詞一起做并列謂語時,否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如:
I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他將不會那樣做。
I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我覺得并且也承認(rèn)我們并不愚蠢。
(2) 用于疑問句時,否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如:
Do you think it is not going to rain? 你認(rèn)為天不會下雨嗎?
Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 難道你不相信他做了一件好事?
(3) 用作插入語時,否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如:
Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不會生你的氣。
Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想湯姆不會反對。
Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我認(rèn)為邁克沒有看這場電影。
(4) 動詞前有其他副詞修飾時,否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如:
I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的確不認(rèn)為我們有必要去那兒。
I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我強(qiáng)烈地認(rèn)為他不應(yīng)該做那樣的事。
(5) 動詞為非一般現(xiàn)在時或主語不是第一人稱時,否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。
I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以為他不會回來得這么快。
She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它變成了一個好孩子。
He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他認(rèn)為他不適合這件工作。
He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我們告訴他的事是真的。
(6) 當(dāng)賓語從句中含的否定為not…at all, not a little, not a few, not enough, can’t help等固定搭配時,否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如:
I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他對那一點(diǎn)也不知道。
I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我認(rèn)為如果你想把這門語言學(xué)好,那么只記單詞是不夠的。
I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信當(dāng)你在奧運(yùn)會上獲得第一名時你會情不自禁地唱起國歌來。
(7) 當(dāng)賓語從句中含no, nothing, nobody, nowhere, hardly, seldom, little, few等否定詞或半否詞時,否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如:
I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放棄。
I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我認(rèn)為如果這艘船沉入海底的話,那么誰也逃不掉。
I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一個言語不多的人。
2. 形式上否定主句的謂語,實(shí)際上是否定從句的謂語
當(dāng)動詞think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel的主語是第一人稱、謂語動詞為沒有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時,它們的否定式實(shí)際上是對賓語從句的否定。表示說話者提出一種委婉的看法或主張。如:
I think that he will help us. —I don’t think that he will help us. 我認(rèn)為它不會幫助我們。
I believe that he is right. —I don’t believe that he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對。
I suppose that he likes it. —I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜歡它。
二、句子的否定轉(zhuǎn)移
有些句子形式上否定謂語動詞,實(shí)際上是對句子后面狀語進(jìn)行否定。如:
Let’s not talk about it here. 我們別在這里談吧。
Don’t read in the sun. 不要在陽光下看書。
Don’t talk with your mouth full of food. 不要口里含著食物說話。