39　句型五：形容詞+ to do sth.（作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）　Track37

 

（1）句子主語(yǔ)和不定式動(dòng)詞可構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
我們先分析下面這個(gè)例句：
She is interesting to listen to.
請(qǐng)暫停，先思考一下這句話的含義。我們給你兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)：
A. 她對(duì)聽(tīng)別人講話很感興趣。
B. 聽(tīng)她講話很有趣。
其實(shí)，這句話相當(dāng)于說(shuō)“It is interesting to listen to her.”。意思是“聽(tīng)她講話很有趣”。因此，原句的主語(yǔ)she在邏輯上是作不定式to listen to的賓語(yǔ)。
更多例句：
a.Relativity theory isn't easy to understand. = It isn't easy to understand relativity theory.　相對(duì)論不好理解。
b.She is very nice to talk to. = It is very nice to talk to her.　和她聊天很開(kāi)心。
c.Mary is easy to get on with. = It is easy to get on with Mary.　瑪麗很容易相處。
d.English is difficult to speak.　說(shuō)好英文不容易。
e.Football is very interesting to watch.　看足球很有趣。
句子主語(yǔ)與不定式動(dòng)詞存在這種動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的情況下，我們要注意以下三點(diǎn)：
1）不定式動(dòng)詞一般不用被動(dòng)式。 （最容易出錯(cuò)）
a.English is difficult to be spoken.*
b.Football is interesting to be watched. *
2）不定式后不能再加賓語(yǔ)。
a.Football is very interesting to watch it. *
b.She is nice to talk to her.*
3）不定式動(dòng)詞所帶的介詞不能省略。
a.She is interesting to listen.*
b.She is easy to get on.*
（2）句子主語(yǔ)和不定式動(dòng)詞可構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
這一句型中的形容詞通常表示人的性格特征或行為表現(xiàn)。如：
brave　careful　careless　clever　considerate　cruel
foolish　generous　kind　modest　nice　polite
rude　selfish　silly　stupid　thoughtful
a.He was kind to help us.
b.The boy was careless to break the window.
這時(shí)句子可用以下兩種方式來(lái)改寫(xiě)：

 
但注意，并不是所有的形容詞都能這樣改寫(xiě)，這取決于特定形容詞的用法。