高中語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練：iv. 關(guān)系代詞which, whom, whose

iv. 關(guān)系代詞which, whom, whose

1. which, whom在從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。

The house which/that Lu Xun once lived in is now Lu Xun Museum.

The house in which Lu Xun once lived is now The Lu Xun Museum.

魯迅曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的那座房子現(xiàn)在是魯迅博物館。

2. 介詞一般放在which, whom之前，也可放在從句的原位。如果從句中的謂語(yǔ)是含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，則介詞只能放在原來(lái)的位置上，介詞不能前置，固定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆分。

Is this the book which you just now were looking for ?

這就是你剛才正在找的那本書(shū)嗎？

The child whom Xiao Liu is taking care of is ill.

小劉正在照料的那個(gè)孩子病了。

3. that在從句中可代替who, whom, which用來(lái)指人或物，但是，當(dāng)介詞前置時(shí)，指人只能用whom，不能用who/that。指物只能用which，不能用that。而且，whom或which不能省略。

The man that/whom/who you talked to yesterday is our headmaster.

The man to whom you talked yesterday is our headmaster.

你昨天與其談話的那個(gè)人是我們校長(zhǎng)。

The ink in which you write is red.

The ink (that)/which you write in is red.

你書(shū)寫(xiě)用的墨水是紅的。

4. 介詞不前置時(shí)，在口語(yǔ)中或非正式文體中，關(guān)系代詞常可省略。

This is the man (that/whom) I talked about yesterday.

這就是我昨天談?wù)摰哪莻€(gè)人。

Is this the room (that/which) you lived in last night?

這就是你昨天住過(guò)的房間嗎？

5. which有時(shí)也可以在從句中作定語(yǔ)，即“which+名詞”。這樣的名詞詞組在定語(yǔ)從句中既能作主語(yǔ)，又能作賓語(yǔ)，也能作前置介詞的賓語(yǔ)。

I called him by the wrong name, for which mistake I apologized to him.

我叫錯(cuò)了他的名字，為此錯(cuò)誤我向他道了歉。

He is studying economics, which knowledge is very important today.

他在研究經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，這種知識(shí)當(dāng)今很重要。

He saw her coming in, and advised me to hide behind the door, which advice I took at once.

他看見(jiàn)她進(jìn)來(lái)，并建議我藏在門(mén)后面，我馬上接受了此建議。

Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.

湯姆在大學(xué)度過(guò)了四年，期間他學(xué)習(xí)了法語(yǔ)。

6. 有時(shí)“whose+名詞”也可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。

He went away with a pair of thick glasses, without whose glasses he would be like a blind man.

他戴著一副深度眼鏡走了，沒(méi)有了他的眼鏡他就像一個(gè)瞎子。

Here comes the girl of whose singing performances we speak highly.

歌唱表演受到我們高度評(píng)價(jià)的女孩兒來(lái)了。

Mr. Wang, from whose window he can see our school playground clearly, often watches us play football.

王先生經(jīng)?？次覀兲咦闱颍瑥乃拇翱谒芎芮宄目吹轿覀儗W(xué)校的操場(chǎng)。

專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______ they can talk frequently.

A. who

B. as

C. about which

D. with whom

2. My glasses _______ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.

A. which

B. with which

C. without which

D. that

3. A harvester is a machine _______ we harvest crops or a person _______ is harvesting.

A. which; who

B. that; that

C. with which; who

D. /; that

4. The house _______ there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago.

A. which

B. that

C. in the front of which

D. in front of which

5. They will give you some desks and chairs _______ you can furnish the room.

A. which

B. to which

C. with those

D. with which

6. My sister spent five years at university _______ she studied medicine.

A. during which time

B. during that time

C. during which

D. during that

7. Five years of life in prison changed him greatly, for _______ she could hardly recognize him at first sight.

A. which

B. which reason

C. that

D. that reason

8. He is old, _______ is important.

A. it

B. that

C. which fact

D. this fact

9. He may come, _______ I'll ask him.

A. which

B. in which

C. in which case

D. which case

10. This form of land-taking was characteristic of Wales rather than England, _______ the main settlement was over the low moorlands of Cornwall.

A. in which

B. in which country

C. which country

D. which

11. The driver was the man _______ she had stolen the maps.

A. from whose room

B. from whom room

C. in which room

D. of whom room

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