實(shí)戰(zhàn)口語(yǔ)情景對(duì)話(huà)：Irish History 愛(ài)爾蘭歷史

Todd: Hey, Eucharia can you give us a brief history of Ireland?

托德：嗨，尤查里亞，你能和我們簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)說(shuō)愛(ài)爾蘭的歷史嗎?

Eucharia: Sure well, I think most people know of St Patrick's day and that it is an Irish festival which celebrates being Irish. Well, St Patrick was brought to Ireland in 460 as a slave from Wales and then he left and went to Italy where he was converted to Christianity and then he went back to Ireland to bring Christianity to the Irish Celtic people. So, skipping ahead a few years. The Celtic people were always quite unique within Europe because we… the Celtic people always believed in equality between men and women and therefore there were women warriors in Ireland which used to frighten many of the potential invaders away because a lot of men didn't like to be beaten by women back then and maybe it's still true today.

尤查里亞：當(dāng)然可以，我想大部分人都知道圣帕特里克節(jié)，這是愛(ài)爾蘭人慶祝的一個(gè)節(jié)日。圣帕特里克出生在威爾士，公元460年他被當(dāng)成奴隸賣(mài)到了愛(ài)爾蘭，之后他離開(kāi)愛(ài)爾蘭前往意大利，在那里皈依基督教，后來(lái)他回到愛(ài)爾蘭并向愛(ài)爾蘭凱爾特人宣揚(yáng)基督教。先說(shuō)一下之前的情況。凱爾特人在歐洲屬于非常獨(dú)特的族群，因?yàn)槲覀?hellip;…凱爾特人一直相信男女平等，所以愛(ài)爾蘭有很多女戰(zhàn)士，她們?cè)s跑了很多想入侵愛(ài)爾蘭的人，當(dāng)時(shí)很多男性并不想被女人打，我想現(xiàn)在情況也是如此。

Then the next biggest thing in history was the colonialisation of Ireland by England, starting in the 16th century until the early 20th century. And it wasn't taken to readily because of the nature of the Celtic warriors. It was probably the bloodiest period in history because the Celtic people did not like to be colonised, so there was a lot of fighting and battles between the English and the Irish even though the English had, to all intents and purposes, colonised, it was not an easy colonisation. But the single most effective tech that the Eng used in the colonisation came in 1822 when the English implemented a national education system. Before this the Irish people used to go and learn in schools called 'hedge schools', so they were outside and they were given by people who wanted to teach, so genuine academics and people learned stuff like ancient greek, latin, so most people have this tradition of speaking other languages, mathematics… So when the education system was changed in line with the English colonial system it became illegal to speak Irish in the classroom and it became illegal to speak Irish in many places. Now in my city there's a lovely trading area called 'The Old English Market' and its called 'The Old English Market' because there is a sign inside the door: 'Anyone who will speak… who will speak in Irish and not in English will be sent to jail'. So it was really strictly enforced and it was a very… I can't say laudable technique but… it was a very effective way of colonisation. Nowadays in Ireland people spk English and people speak Irish, both, and it's considered bilingual. All documents, all street names are written in Irish and English.

愛(ài)爾蘭歷史上最重大的事件是在16世紀(jì)至20世紀(jì)初期成為英國(guó)的殖民地。但是由于凱爾特戰(zhàn)士的天性，愛(ài)爾蘭并不是很輕易就被入侵了。那可能是愛(ài)爾蘭歷史上最為血腥的時(shí)期，因?yàn)閯P爾特人不喜歡被殖民，所以愛(ài)爾蘭和英國(guó)之間爆發(fā)了很多斗爭(zhēng)和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，雖然事實(shí)上英國(guó)已經(jīng)在殖民統(tǒng)治愛(ài)爾蘭了，但那次殖民化并不容易。英國(guó)殖民統(tǒng)治時(shí)期最有成效的方法是在1822年推行國(guó)家教育體制。在此之前愛(ài)爾蘭人上的是“露天學(xué)校”，他們?cè)趹?hù)外上課而且是由愿意教學(xué)的人來(lái)上課，人們會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)古希臘語(yǔ)和拉丁語(yǔ)，所以大部分人都會(huì)說(shuō)其他的語(yǔ)言，當(dāng)然這種學(xué)校也會(huì)教數(shù)學(xué)……而為了配合英國(guó)的殖民系統(tǒng)，教育體制進(jìn)行了更改，這樣一來(lái)在課堂上還有愛(ài)爾蘭的許多地方說(shuō)愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)都是違法的?，F(xiàn)在我的家鄉(xiāng)城市有個(gè)有意思的交易區(qū)叫“舊式英語(yǔ)市場(chǎng)”，稱(chēng)為“舊式英語(yǔ)市場(chǎng)”的原因是門(mén)口掛著一個(gè)牌子，上面寫(xiě)著：任何人說(shuō)……任何說(shuō)愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)而不說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人都要被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。所以當(dāng)時(shí)的規(guī)定執(zhí)行地非常嚴(yán)格，而且非常……我不能說(shuō)那是值得稱(chēng)贊的方法，不過(guò)……那的確是一種非常有效的殖民方式?，F(xiàn)在愛(ài)爾蘭人既說(shuō)英語(yǔ)也說(shuō)愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)，愛(ài)爾蘭是有兩個(gè)官方語(yǔ)言的國(guó)家。所有的文件、街道名稱(chēng)都是用愛(ài)爾蘭和英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)成的。

1922 there was what was known as the civil war and that was the beginning of the end for the English so the first Irish constitution was written in 1935 and it stated that Ireland is a neutral country so therefore Ireland did not enter World War 2 and it was declared a Republic in 1949. 1922年爆發(fā)了內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，標(biāo)志著英國(guó)殖民統(tǒng)治的結(jié)束，愛(ài)爾蘭第一部憲法于1935年完成，憲法規(guī)定愛(ài)爾蘭是中立國(guó)家，所以愛(ài)爾蘭沒(méi)有參加第二次世界大戰(zhàn)，1949年愛(ài)爾蘭宣布成立共和國(guó)。

Todd: Thanks. That was a good history!

托德：謝謝你。這段歷史很詳細(xì)!