研究稱(chēng)，為了寶寶的心臟健康，準(zhǔn)爸爸們應(yīng)該在懷孕前6個(gè)月停止飲酒

研究稱(chēng)，為了寶寶的心臟健康，準(zhǔn)爸爸們應(yīng)該在懷孕前6個(gè)月停止飲酒

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy has long been linked to congenital defects and developmental problems in newborns. Now a new study has found a link between a baby's congenital heart defects and their prospective parents' drinking before conception.

長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，懷孕期間飲酒一直被認(rèn)為與新生兒的先天缺陷和發(fā)育問(wèn)題有關(guān)?，F(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，嬰兒的先天性心臟缺陷和準(zhǔn)父母在懷孕前飲酒之間存在聯(lián)系。

Compared to non-drinkers, fathers who drank during the three months before conception were 44% more likely to have babies born with congenital heart disease.

與不飲酒者相比，在懷孕前三個(gè)月飲酒的父親生下患有先天性心臟病的嬰兒的可能性要高出44%。

Congenital heart defects affect nearly 1% of all newborns each year in the United States. That's about 40.000 babies, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the defect is on the rise.

在美國(guó)，每年有近1%的新生兒患有先天性心臟病。根據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的數(shù)據(jù)，大約有4萬(wàn)名嬰兒患有這種疾病，而且患病人數(shù)還在上升。

If the prospective dads were binge drinkers, which was defined as downing five or more drinks per session, there was a 52% higher likelihood their baby would have a congenital heart defect.

如果這些準(zhǔn)爸爸是酗酒的人，也就是說(shuō)每次喝5杯或更多的酒，那么他們的孩子患先天性心臟病的可能性就高出52%。

Previous research has shown that alcohol exposure changes the DNA in developing sperm and changes sperm activity, although the underlying mechanisms are not yet understood.

此前的研究表明，酒精會(huì)改變精子發(fā)育過(guò)程中的DNA和精子活動(dòng)，但其潛在機(jī)制尚不清楚。

For mothers who drank or binge-drank before conception, there was a 16% higher risk for their babies, compared to not drinking.

對(duì)于那些在懷孕前飲酒或酗酒的母親來(lái)說(shuō)，與不飲酒的母親相比，她們的孩子患病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要高出16%。

The study, published Thursday in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, was a meta analysis and review of existing studies on the topic, and can only show an association between drinking and birth defects, not a causation.

周四發(fā)表在《歐洲預(yù)防心臟病學(xué)雜志》上的這項(xiàng)研究，是對(duì)這一課題現(xiàn)有研究的綜合分析和綜述，只能說(shuō)明飲酒與出生缺陷之間的關(guān)系，而非因果關(guān)系。

"Binge drinking by would-be parents is a high risk and dangerous behaviour that not only may increase the chance of their baby being born with a heart defect, but also greatly damages their own health," study author Jiabi Qin, of Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China, said in a statement.

研究報(bào)告作者、中國(guó)長(zhǎng)沙中南大學(xué)湘雅公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的秦老師在一份聲明中說(shuō)：“準(zhǔn)父母酗酒是一種高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和危險(xiǎn)的行為，不僅可能增加孩子心臟缺陷的幾率，而且會(huì)嚴(yán)重?fù)p害自己的健康。”

Of course, no one can predict when they might conceive. To be safe, Qin said, the results suggest that men should not consume alcohol for at least six months before fertilization, while women should stop drinking alcohol one year before, and avoid it while pregnant.

當(dāng)然，沒(méi)人能預(yù)測(cè)他們什么時(shí)候會(huì)懷孕。秦說(shuō)，為了安全起見(jiàn)，研究結(jié)果建議男性在受精前至少六個(gè)月不要飲酒，而女性則應(yīng)在懷孕前一年停止飲酒，并在懷孕期間避免飲酒。

Both the CDC and the American Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecologists say women should completely avoid alcoholic drinks when trying to conceive.

美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心和美國(guó)婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師協(xié)會(huì)都表示，女性在嘗試懷孕時(shí)應(yīng)該完全避免酒精飲料。

Previous studies looking at the link between alcohol consumption before conception and congenital heart disease had focused on moms-to-be, with mixed results. Qin said this is the first analysis to examine the role of paternal alcohol drinking before conception.

先前的研究關(guān)注懷孕前飲酒與先天性心臟病之間的關(guān)系，主要關(guān)注準(zhǔn)媽媽?zhuān)Y(jié)果有好有壞。秦說(shuō)，這是首次對(duì)父親在懷孕前飲酒的作用進(jìn)行分析。

Birth defects occur in one out of every 33 babies and are the leading cause of infant death, according to the CDC. A congenital heart defect is the most common type of birth defect, and according to the CDC, about 30% of babies born with one also have other physical problems or developmental or cognitive disorders.

美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，每33個(gè)嬰兒中就有1個(gè)存在出生缺陷，這是導(dǎo)致嬰兒死亡的主要原因。先天性心臟缺陷是最常見(jiàn)的出生缺陷類(lèi)型，根據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的數(shù)據(jù)，大約30%患有先天性心臟缺陷的嬰兒還存在其他身體問(wèn)題或發(fā)育或認(rèn)知障礙。