在使用防曬霜之后，某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)進(jìn)入血液

在使用防曬霜之后，某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)進(jìn)入血液

After a single application, a total of seven chemicals commonly found in sunscreens can be absorbed into the bloodstream at levels that exceed safety thresholds, according to studies by the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, an arm of the US Food and Drug Administration.

根據(jù)美國食品和藥物管理局下屬的藥物評(píng)估與研究中心的研究，在一次應(yīng)用之后，防曬霜中常見的七種化學(xué)物質(zhì)可被血液吸收，吸收水平超過安全閾值。

"What is most alarming about these findings is that chemicals are absorbing into the body in significant amounts and the ingredients have not been fully tested for safety," said David Andrews, a senior scientist for the Environmental Working Group, or EWG, a consumer organization which advocates for sunscreen safety.

“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)最令人擔(dān)憂的是，化學(xué)物質(zhì)大量被人體吸收，而且成分還沒有經(jīng)過充分的安全測試，”環(huán)境工作組(簡稱EWG)的高級(jí)科學(xué)家戴維·安德魯斯說。EWG是一個(gè)倡導(dǎo)安全使用防曬霜的消費(fèi)者組織。

"If companies want to keep these ingredients in products, they need to urgently test for potential harm to children and harm from long-term use," Andrews added.

安德魯斯補(bǔ)充說:“如果公司想要在產(chǎn)品中保留這些成分，他們需要緊急檢測這些成分對(duì)兒童的潛在危害以及長期使用的危害。”

The fact that an ingredient is absorbed through the skin and into the body doesn't mean that particular ingredient is unsafe, said Dr. Janet Woodcock, director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, the arm of the FDA which conducted the studies.

進(jìn)行這些研究的美國食品和藥物管理局下屬機(jī)構(gòu)藥物評(píng)估與研究中心主任珍妮特·伍德考克博士說，某種成分通過皮膚被吸收并進(jìn)入人體，這并不意味著它是不安全的。

"Rather, this finding calls for further industry testing to determine the safety and effect of systemic exposure of sunscreen ingredients, especially with chronic use," Woodcock said.

伍德考克說:“相反，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)需要進(jìn)一步的行業(yè)測試，以確定系統(tǒng)性暴露在防曬霜成分中的安全性和效果，尤其是長期使用的情況下。”

Experts and the FDA stress the sun's link to cancer and aging is real, so don't abandon sun protection. Suggestions include long-sleeved clothing, hats, sunglasses and staying in the shade. If chemical sunscreens worry you, consider mineral-based sunscreens, which the FDA has determined are generally considered safe and effective.

專家和FDA強(qiáng)調(diào)，陽光與癌癥和衰老之間的聯(lián)系是真實(shí)存在的，所以不要放棄防曬。建議穿長袖衣服、戴帽子、太陽鏡和呆在陰涼處。如果你擔(dān)心化學(xué)防曬產(chǎn)品，可以考慮礦物防曬產(chǎn)品，美國食品和藥物管理局已經(jīng)確定，礦物防曬產(chǎn)品通常被認(rèn)為是安全有效的。

The American Academy of Dermatology recommends applying at least 1 ounce of sunscreen to all exposed skin every two hours or after swimming, including "back, neck, face, ears, tops of your feet and legs."

美國皮膚病學(xué)會(huì)建議，每兩小時(shí)或游泳后，在所有暴露在外的皮膚上涂抹至少一盎司的防曬霜，包括“背部、頸部、臉部、耳朵、腳背和腿部”。

The FDA findings, published Tuesday in the journal JAMA, confirmed the results of a pilot study the agency published last year. That pilot study discovered four popular chemical sunscreen filters often used in commercial products -- avobenzone, oxybenzone, octocrylene, and ecamsule -- were absorbed from the skin into the bloodstream after a single day of use.

美國食品和藥物管理局周二在《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志》上發(fā)表的研究結(jié)果證實(shí)了該機(jī)構(gòu)去年發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)試點(diǎn)研究的結(jié)果。那項(xiàng)初步研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了四種常用的化學(xué)防曬產(chǎn)品——阿武苯宗、氧苯宗、八烯醇和膠囊——在使用一天后從皮膚吸收到血液中。

The new study reevaluated three of the original four (avobenzone, oxybenzone and octocrylene) and added three additional sunscreen chemicals -- homosalate, octisalate, and octinoxate.

這項(xiàng)新研究重新評(píng)估了原來的四種防曬產(chǎn)品中的三種(阿伏苯宗、氧苯宗和八烯丙烯)，并添加了三種額外的防曬化學(xué)物質(zhì)——同質(zhì)酸鹽、辛酸鹽和辛酸鹽。

Participants in the new study were asked to apply sunscreen on 75% of their bodies the first day. On days two through four, they were asked to apply the same amount at four times during the day.

在這項(xiàng)新研究中，參與者被要求在第一天在全身75%的地方涂抹防曬霜。在第2天到第4天，他們被要求在一天中涂4次相同的量。

After initial absorption, the concentration of the six chemicals in the blood increased each day of application, and remained above FDA safety levels at day seven, well after application had ended. Two of the chemicals -- homosalate and oxybenzone -- were still above safety thresholds at day 21.

在最初的吸收之后，這六種化學(xué)物質(zhì)在血液中的濃度在每天的應(yīng)用中都有所增加，并且在第7天仍然高于美國食品和藥物管理局的安全水平，這是在應(yīng)用結(jié)束很久之后。其中兩種化學(xué)物質(zhì)——同質(zhì)酸鹽和氧苯酮——在第21天仍高于安全閾值。

"It seems likely that some of it is getting absorbed into the blood long after the sunscreen applications and in part that is why levels in blood stay high weeks after application," Andrews said.

安德魯斯說:“在涂抹防曬霜后很長一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，一些防曬霜可能會(huì)被血液吸收，這也是為什么涂抹防曬霜幾周后血液中的防曬霜含量仍然很高的部分原因。”